Question | Answer |
A segment of DNA that codes for RNA and protein is a | Gene |
The structure in a cell that is made up of the cell's genetic material is a | Chromosome |
What contains a substance consisting of DNA and a protein?` | Chromatin |
The repeated sequence of growth and division during the life of a cell is called | The Cell Cycle |
The first three phases of the life cycle of a cell are called | Interphase |
What is the process during which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei? | Mitosis |
The phase of cell division when the cytoplasm is divided is called | Cytokinesis |
During cell division, each single long strand of DNA becomes fully condensed in the form of a | Chromatid |
A type of protein found in eukaryotic chromosomes but not prokaryotic chromosomes is | Histone |
During cell division, sister chromatids are separated at the | Centromere |
What is a network of microtubules that forms during mitosis to pull chromatids to opposite ends of a cell? | Spindle |
In eukaryotes, a structural unit made up of DNA wound around of center of histone proteins is called | Nucleosome |
The structure that directs chromosome movement during mitosis and aids in the formation of the microtubule scaffolding that pulls on the chromosomes is the | Centrosome |
The structure in which a cell's DNA is packaged | Chromosome |
A thick strand made up of condensed DNA | Chromatid |
A substance made up of DNA and protein | Chromatin |
The region where sister chromatids are bound together | Centromere |
A segment of DNA that codes for RNA and protein | Gene |
A type of protein found in the chromsomes of eukaryotic cells | Histone |
A structural unit made of DNA wound around a core of histone proteins | Nucleosome |
Advancing the growth of an organism, replacing old cells or cells that aren't working well, and to heal a tear or wound are why multicellular organisms do what? | Produce new cells |
In prokaryotic cells, DNA appears in the form of a | Loop |
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is wrapped around | Proteins |
What do all cells do to prepare for cell divison? | Make and extra copy of their complete DNA |
What pinches a diving prokaryotic cell into two cell? | The cell wall |
The process by which cytoplasm is divided between daughter cells | Cytokinesis |
A repeating sequence of cellular growth and division | Cell Cycle |
An organelle that helps assemble the spindle and aids chromatid movement in a dividing cell | Centrosome |
Major portion of a cell's life | Interphase |
The process by which the nucleus of a cell becomes two nuclei | Mitosis |
Microtubule network that pulls chromatids in a dividing cell | Spindle |
What does not occur during interphase? | The cytoplasm isn't divided |
What occurs after the second gap phase of interphase? | Mitosis |
What is the first stage of mitosis? | Prophase |
During which stage of mitosis do nuclear envelopes form? | Telophase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
The nucleus divides | Mitosis |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
It makes up a major portion of most cell's lives | First Gap Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
The cytoplasm divides | Cytokinesis |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
The mitochondria replicate | Second Gap Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
The cell grows rapidly | First Gap Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
Two identical nuclei are produced | Mitosis |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
DNA is copied | Synthesis Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
Microtubules are are assembled | Second Gap Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
Sister chromatids form and become attached at the centromere | Synthesis Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
The cell carries out its routine functions | First Gap Phase |
Which phase of the cell cycle:
Mictrotubules move sister chromatids | ? |
What is the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis? | Mitosis divides the nucleus and cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm |
G2 phase is to mitochondria as S phase is to | ? |
Crossing over occurs during | Prophase I |
Cytoplasm divides unequally in meiosis during production of | Egg cells |
What does not provide new genetic combinations? | Cytokinesis |
DNA replication occurs | Prior to prophase I |
Spermatogenesis results in | Four Haploid Sperm Cells |
Halves the number of chromosomes | Meiosis |
Chromosomes become visible | Prophase I |
Results in exchange of chromatid portions between homologous chromosomes | Crossing over |
Results in four haploid cells | Telophase II |
Results in on egg and three polar bodies | Oogenesis |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Cytoplasm divides | T |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Nuclear envelope breaks down | P |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Homologous chromosomes separate | A |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Spindle moves homologous chromosomes to the cell's equator | M |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Crossing over occurs | P |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Two new cells form | T |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell | A |
What stage of Meiosis I:
Chromosomes condense | P |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Centromeres divide | A |
What stage of Meiosis II:
New spindle forms | P |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Cell undergoes cytokinesis | T |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Chromsomes line up at equator | M |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Spindle breaks down | T |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell | A |
What stage of Meiosis II:
Four haploid cells form | T |
Between meiosis I and the end of meiosis II, chromosomes do not | ? |
The first level of packaging is done by a class of proteins called | Histones |
A group of eight histones come together to form a disc shaped | Histone Core |
What is long and wound around a series of histone cores in a regular manner? | DNA molecule |
The long DNA molecule is made up of a histone core and the DNA around it is called a | Nucleosome |
The string of nucleosomes line up in a spiral to form a cord that is what? | 30 nm in diameter |
During most of a cell's life, it's chromosomes exist as | Coiled or Uncoiled Nucleosomes |
Chromosomes condense even further as a cell prepares to | Divide |
Chromosomes condensing ensures that the extremely long DNA molecules do not ( ) during cell divison | get tangled up |
The 30 nm fiber (the nucleosome cord) forms loops that are attached to a | Protein Scaffold |
What are body cells? | Somatic cells |
What are the stages of Interphase? | G1, S, G2 |
What are sex cells? | Germ cells |
How many chromosomes does a human have? | 46 |
Each daughter cell being different form each other and the parents creates | Variety in offspring |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Nuclear membrane does not reapper
2nd split to occur | Meiosis I |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Each cell contains the same amount of DNA as the parent cell | Meiosis I |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Begins with 2 cells from Meiosis I, those cells split, ends with 4 cells | Meiosis II |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Sister chromatids separate | Meiosis II |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Nuclear membrane reappears | Meiosis II |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Each cell is different from each other | Meiosis II |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
Chromosome pairs separate | Meiosis I |
MEIOSIS 1 OR MEIOSIS 2?
begins with parent cell and ends with 2 cells | Meiosis I |
Cell with normal chromosome number | Diploid |
Cell with 1/2 normal chromosome number | Haploid |
What is a human diploid number? | 46 |
What is a human haploid number? | 23 |
If a diploid number is 8, what is the haploid number? | 4 |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Diploid parent splits into 2 diploid daughter cells | Mitosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Generates Gametes | Meiosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Assexual reproduction | Mitosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Variety amongst offspring | Meiosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
No variety amongst offspring | Mitosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Somatic cell reproduction | Mitosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Diploid parent cell splits into 4 haploid daughter cells | Meiosis |
MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS
Sexual Reproduction | Meiosis |
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