Question | Answer |
CHO; Simple sugars | monosoccharides and disoccharides |
CHO; monosoccharides | glucose, fructose (fruit) and galactose |
CHO; disoccharides | sucrose, lactose, maltose |
CHO; disoccharides ;; SUCROSE | glucose + fructose (table sugar) |
CHO; disoccharides ;; LACTOSE | glucose + galactose (dairy) |
CHO; disoccharides ;; MALTOSE | glucose + glucose |
CHO; Complex CHO | polysoccharides |
CHO; Polysoccharides ;; PLANTS (DIGESTIBLE) | starch |
CHO; Polysoccharides ;; PLANTS (NON-DIGESTIBLE) | fiber (soluble & insoluble) |
CHO; Polysoccharides ;; ANIMALS | glycogen (stored in liver and muscle) *ONLY IN LIVING AND NEVER CONSUMED |
FATS; Triglycerides | 3 fatty acid chain and glycerol |
FATS; Triglycerides ;; LENTH OF CHAIN | short chain fatty acid *SCFA (<6c) MCFA (6-12c) LCFA (>14c) *most common |
FATS; Triglycerides ;; DEGREE OF SATURATION | Saturated (no double bond *DB), Monounsaturated (1DB), Polyunsaturated (2 or more DB) |
FATS; triglycerides ;; SHAPE | straight chains (saturated & solid) VS. bent chains (monounsaturated or polyunsaturated & liquid) |
FATS; Phospholipids | 2 fatty acid chain, glycerol & phosphate group |
FATS; Phospholipids ;; both in water __&__ | soluble & insoluble |
FATS; Phospholipids ;; found in __ | lipid bilayer of all cell membranes |
FATS; Sterols | carbon ring structure |
FATS; Sterols ;; PLANTS | heart healty |
FATS; Sterols ;; ANIMAL | cholesterol = not heart healthy |
PRO; Polypeptides | composed of many amino acids joined together by peptide bonds |
PRO; Amino Acids (total, essential and non essential) | 20 total 9 essential 11 non essential *body made (made by transomination) |
PRO; ALL Amino Acids | central carbon amino group (nitrogen *NH2) acid group (-COOH) |
PRO; What makes an AA unique? | side group / side chain |