Question | Answer |
Ethics | 1. study of difference between right/wrong 2. study of good conduct,character, and motives3.what is good for all people4.set of rules that govern right conduct |
Early Nurse Educators-Florence Nightingale | -Believed in continued learning through the nurses' lifetime-Created School of Nursing in London |
Early Nurse Educators-Linda Richards | -Found and reorganized 10 schools of nursing-Proved that trained nurses gave better care, than those without formal nursing education |
Early Nurse Educators-Isabelle Hampton Robb | -Emphasized role of nursing student as a learner, not employee |
Early Nurse Educators-Lavinin Dock | -wrote one of the 1st Nursing Texts |
Early Nurse Educators-Mary A.Nutting | 1st nurse to be appointed to be a University Professor in 1910 @Columbia Uni. |
Early Nurse Educators-Dr.M.Montag | Founder of Associate programs in 1951 |
1912-The Flexner Report | Studied medical schools, results included closed inadequate medical schools, consolidating others and establishing medical schools in University settingsA. Nutting proposed a study of nursing education to the Carnegie Foundation |
1923-Goldmark Report (Nursing and Nursing Education) | 6 Nurses: A. Nutting,Mary Beard, Lillian Clay, Annie Goodrich, Lillian Wald, Helen Wood*Weakness:hospital based programs-sevice before education*Conclusion:nursing needs to be in University setting |
1948-The Brown Report | Hospital based programs have the same problems as earlier, Nursing education belongs in a University setting |
Levels of Education-CNA | -75hr program to earn certificat-each state determines skills that can performed by a CNA-PCT-UAP |
Levels of Education-RN Associate | 2 yr program, basic science/theoritical/clinical realted to nursing |
RN to BSN | designed to assist the practicing RN obtain a BSN in Nursing |
BSN to RN | designed for students w/BSN in science, offered at college level, usually accelerated 12 month nursing program |
Nursing Theories-Nursing paradigm | in 1984Person-individual,family, groupHealth-continuumEnvironment-place or communityNursing actions-nurse w/ patient |
Nursing Theories-Nightingale | 1st theorist: patient is passive recipent of care and the environment is manipulated to achieve or maintain health;describe nursing as art/science;stressed importance of care for ill person,not illness;health is direct influence of environmental influence |
Nursing Theories-Hilegard Peplau | 1952;defined the concepts and stages involved in the developement of nurse-client realtionships |
Nursing Theories-Virginia Henderson | 1955;viewed the nursing role as helping the patient move from dependence to independence-1955, was attempting to define nursing 14 basic needs |
Nursing Theories-Faye Abdellah | 1960,Took Henderson's 14 need and came up w/ 21 problems to serve as base for nursing diagnostic labels |
Nursing Theories-Joyce Travelbee | 1966,Sympathy,empathy,rapport;the meaning of the illness to the individual determines how people respond to the illness |
Nursing Theories-Myra Levine | 1967,the patient is the center of all nursing activties.Nursing care is based on 4 principles to help patients to adept to their environement4 Principles of ConservationEnergy,Structural Integrity, Personal Integrity, and Social Integrity |
Nursing Theories-Martha Rogers | 1970;person and environment are energy fields;nursing is a science and an art-science is an abstract body of knowledge |
Nursing Theories-Sister Callista Roy | 1974;the person is a biopsychosocial being in constant interaction w/ internal and external environment |
Nursing Theories-Dorothea Orem | 1971;people need nursing when they are unable to care for themselves, self-care deficit theory: self care deficit determines need for nursing-not a medical diagnosis |
Nursing Theories-Majorie Gordan | 1994;developed a nursing based organizational framework for nursing diagnosis |
Research1980 Dr.Codman | "evidence based practice" |
Politics | the art or science of influencing public policy |