Term | Definition |
cell | smallest unit that can perform life's processes
covered by membrane and have DNA& cytoplasm |
cell membrane | phospholipid layer that covers cells surface; it is a barrier between inside of cell & environment |
organelles | 1 of the small bodies in cell cytoplasm that are specialized
to perform functions |
cell size | large cell: egg yolk
small cell: mostly small cells |
surface-area-to-volume | 1. find surface area
2. find volume
3.surface area divided by volume |
nucleus | eukaryotic cell membrane bound organelle contains DNA &
role in process : growth, metabolism, reproduction |
prokaryotes | organism that consists of single cell that doesn't have nucleus |
eukaryotes | organism made up of cells that have nucleus enclosed by membrane includes animals, plants, fungi ,not arch bacteria/eu bacteria |
cell wall | rigid structure that surrounds cell membrane & provides support to cell |
cellulose | complex sugar hat most animals cant digest |
golgi complex chitin | some fungi have cell walls made of chitin |
cytoskeleton | web of proteins in cytoplasm |
ribosomes | cell organelle composed of RNA and protein cite of protein synthesis |
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | system of membrane found in cells cytoplasm & assists production, processing, transports proteins in production of lipids |
mitochondrion | cell organelle surrounded by membranes and site of cellular respiration |
Golgi complex | helps make and package materials to transport out of cell |
vesicle | small cavity or sack that contains materials in eukaryotic cell |
chloroplast | organelle in plant and algae cells in which photosynthesis takes place |
lysosomes | cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
vacuole | large vesicle holds water and other materials |
arm | attaches eyepiece and body tube to base |
base | supports microscope |
coarse focus adjustment | knob that makes large adjustments to focus
**********ALWAYS LEAVE POWER ON LOW FOCUS*********** |
diaphragm | adjustable opening under stage allowing different amounts of light on stage |
eyepiece | the place where you put your eye |
fine focus adjustment | knob that makes smaller adjustments to focus |
high- power objective | large lens with high magnifying power |
inclination joint | adjustable joint that lets arm tilt at various angels |
low- power objective | small lens with low magnifying power |
light source | directs light upwards onto slide |
revolving nosepiece | rotating device that holds objectives (lenses) |
stage | platform on which a slide is placed |
stage clips | metal clips that hold slide securely onto stage |
dissection | cutting open dead organism to investigate its anatomy |
vivisection | vivi-life cutting open living organism to investigate anatomy and phycology |