| Term | Definition |
| Neutrophilia | Acute bacterial infection
Acute stress (ex. Post-op)
Burns
Leukemia
Corticosteroid use
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Chronic Inflammation
Intense Exercise |
| Neutropenia | Immunosuppression
Bone marrow failure/Aplastic anemia
Folate/Vitamin B12 deficiency
Chemotherapy
Chloramphenicol/sulfonamides |
| Eosinophilia | Allergic Reaction (food allergy or bee stings)
Parasitic infections
Leukemia
Marrow hyperactivity
Autoimmune disease |
| Eosinopenia | Generally not a concern, but
Nutritional deficiency
Excessive Glucocorticoids
***Note 0% is still within normal range for some labs |
| Basophilia | Allergic Reaction
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Hodgkin’s disease
Oral Contraception |
| Basopenia | Generally not a concern, but
Nutritional deficiency
Excessive Glucocorticoids
***Note 0% is still within normal range for some labs |
| Monocytosis | Chronic inflammation
Stress
Cushing’s syndrome
Viral infection |
| Monocytopenia | Chronic infections
Autoimmune disease
Leukemia/AML
Aplastic anemia
Excessive Glucocorticoids |
| Lymphocytosis | Viral infection
Leukemias:
Adrenal insufficiency |
| Lymphocytopenia | HIV – destroys T cells (CD4+)
Bone marrow failure/Aplastic anemia
Will affect any blood cell count
Excessive glucocorticoids
RA
Chemotherapy
Immunosuppresion |
| Uncompensated | pH abnormal
CO2 OR HCO3 abnormal |
| Compensated | pH normal
CO2, HCO3 abnormal |
| Partially compensated | pH, CO2, HCO3 abnormal |
| Metabolic | HCO3 & pH same direction |
| Respiratory | CO2 & pH opposite direction |
| Anemia | chronic renal failure, pernicious or aplastic anemia, leukemia, Fe/Vit B12/folate def, RBC hemolysis |
| Polycythemia | high altitude, COPD/pulm disease, dehydration, renal problems |
| Increase Hct | intravascular dehydration, severe burns |
| Decrease Hct | Over hydration |
| Respiratory Failure: Hypoxemia | agitation, restless, dizzy, tachy & decrease BP OR brady & increase BP, dyspnea, flared nostrils, grunting, cyanosis |
| Respiratory failure: hypercapnia | CO2 >45, early morning HA, drowsiness, coma, flapping hands, diaphoresis, dyspnea, rapid rate, pursed lip breathing, skin redness, increased BP |
| Bronchitis | cough w/ sputum, overweight, many infxns, cyanotic, not must use of accessory, wheezing, hypoxemia w/ hypercap |
| Emphysema | min cough, chronic dyspnea, weight loss, use of accessory muscles, thin, distended neck veins, less infxns |
