Question | Answer |
What is homeostasis? | The maintenance of a stable internal environment |
What are the types of joints? | 1) ball and socket: shoulder & hip; 2) hinge: knee & elbow; 3) pivot: neck, wrist, ankles; 4) fixed/immovable: skull; 5) gliding: knuckles |
What is a tendon? | Attaches muscles to bones |
Which system’s primary function is to support and protect the body and to allow the body to move? | Skeletal system |
How many bones does an average adult have? | 206 |
What are the organs for the Skeletal System? | Bones |
What are the organs for the Muscular System? | Muscles |
Which system has the primary function of movement and flexibility? | Muscular system |
What are the 3 kinds of muscle tissue? | Skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
What type of tissue makes up your heart? | Cardiac muscle tissue |
Which system forms a protective covering on the outside of the body? | Integumentary System |
What is the outer layer of skin called? The under layer? Dermis (*the subcutaneous layer is not part of the skin) | epidermis |
What is the under layer of the skin called? | Dermis (*the subcutaneous layer is not part of the skin) |
What organs make up the Integumentary System? | Skin, hair, nails |
Where do skin and hair get their color? | Melanin (a black/brown pigment that absorbs UV light) |
What are the organs that make up the cardiovascular system? | Heart, blood, & blood vessels |
What are the 3 types of blood vessels & what do they do? | 1) arteries – carry blood away from the heart; 2) veins – carry blood back to the heart; 3) capillaries – deliver low oxygen blood to veins and connect arteries and veins to each other. |
16. What is the function of the heart? | To pump blood through the circulatory system. |
What is the function of the Cardiovascular System? | To transport nutrients, gases and waste products around the body, to protect body from infection and blood loss & to help the body maintain constant body temperature |
What is a closed circulatory system? | Humans have a closed circulatory system – blood is always contained in tubes or vessels |
What is pulmonary and systemic circulation? | Pulmonary: blood circulates between the heart & lungs; Systemic: blood circulates between heart and rest of the body |
Which system’s primary function is to collect excess fluid and return it to the blood and remove pathogens? | Lymphatic system |
What are the organs that make up the Lymphatic System? | Bone marrow, thymus gland, spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils |
Which system’s primary function is to take in oxygen and give off carbon dioxide? | Respiratory system |
What are the organs of the respiratory system? | Nose, pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm |
Which system’s primary function is to break down food so the body can use it? | Digestive system |
Where does digestion begin? | The mouth (mechanical /teeth crush food) after that chemical enzymes (saliva) break down the food |
What are the organs of the Digestive System in order from where food enters our body? | Mouth, throat (pharynx), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus |
What does digestion mean and how many types do we have? | The process of breaking down food into a form that can go through digestive tract and then into blood stream. There are 2 types: mechanical and chemical |
Which system makes, stores, and eliminates wastes from your blood? | Urinary System |
What are the organs of the Urinary System? | Kidney, ureters, bladder, urethra |
What is the job of the kidneys? | To filter blood Urinary system – is made up of organs that filter wastes and extra fluid from the blood in the form of urine |
Which system gathers and interprets information and responds to that information by sending messages through your body? | Nervous system (receives information, responds to information and helps maintain homeostasis) |
What organs make up the Nervous System? | Brain, spinal cord & nerves/neurons |
What is the difference between the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)? | CNS is brain, spinal cord and PNS is all nerves outside of the CNS |
What is the name of a nerve cell that is specialized to receive and conduct electrical impulses? | Neuron |
What is the control center for the Nervous System and the entire body? | Brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem) |
What system controls body function by releasing hormones as messengers? | Endocrine system |
What are the main organs that make up the Endocrine System? | All organs in the human body |