Question | Answer |
Allele | The different forms or versions of a trait. Ex: brown versus blue eyes, short versus tall plant (represented by a letter) |
Cross-pollination | Pollen form one flower lands on the pistil of a different flower |
Dominant Allele | an allele whose trait always shows up when the allele is present (represented by a capital letter) |
F1 generation | Offspring of the P generation *all are hybrids with heterozygous alleles |
F2 generation | Offspring of the F1 generation |
Gene | individual factors that control traits (segments of DNA coding for a trait) |
Genetics | Scientific study of Heredity |
Genotype | Organisms genetic makeup or allele combination. Ex: BB, tt, Cc |
Gregor Mendel | Father of Modern Genetics |
Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait: ex: Tt, Cc, Rr |
Homozygous Dominant | Genotype-Having two of the same dominant allele ex: TT, BB |
Homozygous Recessive | Genotype-Having two of the same recessive allele. Ex: tt, bb |
Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a trait. Ex: TT, tt, CC, cc |
Hybrid | An organism that is heterozygous for a trait |
P generation | Parental Generation (Purebred cross) |
Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, visible trait. Ex: Brown eyes, Curly hair |
Purebred | An organism that ALWAYS produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parents |
Recessive Allele | An allele that is masked (hidden) when a dominant allele is present (represented by a lowercase letter) |
Self-Pollination | Pollen form one flower land on the pistil of the same flower |
Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its' genes Ex: eye color, Plant height |