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Genetics

8th grade science Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Allele The different forms or versions of a trait. Ex: brown versus blue eyes, short versus tall plant (represented by a letter)
Cross-pollination Pollen form one flower lands on the pistil of a different flower
Dominant Allele an allele whose trait always shows up when the allele is present (represented by a capital letter)
F1 generation Offspring of the P generation *all are hybrids with heterozygous alleles
F2 generation Offspring of the F1 generation
Gene individual factors that control traits (segments of DNA coding for a trait)
Genetics Scientific study of Heredity
Genotype Organisms genetic makeup or allele combination. Ex: BB, tt, Cc
Gregor Mendel Father of Modern Genetics
Heredity The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Heterozygous Having two different alleles for a trait: ex: Tt, Cc, Rr
Homozygous Dominant Genotype-Having two of the same dominant allele ex: TT, BB
Homozygous Recessive Genotype-Having two of the same recessive allele. Ex: tt, bb
Homozygous Having two identical alleles for a trait. Ex: TT, tt, CC, cc
Hybrid An organism that is heterozygous for a trait
P generation Parental Generation (Purebred cross)
Phenotype An organism's physical appearance, visible trait. Ex: Brown eyes, Curly hair
Purebred An organism that ALWAYS produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parents
Recessive Allele An allele that is masked (hidden) when a dominant allele is present (represented by a lowercase letter)
Self-Pollination Pollen form one flower land on the pistil of the same flower
Trait A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its' genes Ex: eye color, Plant height
Created by: Valleysj
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