| Question | Answer |
| What is Energy? | the ability to do work. |
| What is Thermodynamics? | study forms of energy in the
universe. |
| What is the First law? | Energy cannot be created nor destroyed;
only transferred. |
| What is the Second law? | Energy cannot be converted without the
loss of usable energy.
Ex. Food chains |
| What are Autotrophs? | Organisms that make their own
food. |
| What is Photosynthesis? | Light energy from the Sun is
converted to chemical energy for use by the cell. |
| What are Heterotrophs? | Organisms that need to ingest food
to obtain energy. |
| What is Cellular respiration? | Organic molecules are broken
down to release energy for use by the cell. |
| What is ATP? | Adenosine triphosphate- energy molecule.
3 parts to ATP-
Ribose (sugar)-
Adenine-
3 phosphates- |
| What is Phototropism? | Growth in response to light. |
| What is Gravitropism? | Growth in response to gravity. |
| What is Thigmotropism? | Growth in response to mechanical stimuli, such as contact with an object, organism, or wind. |
| What is the plants Epidermis? | Covers the top and bottom surfaces of a leaf. |
| What is Xylem? | Carries water (from the roots up the plant). |
| What is Phloem? | Carries sugar (from photosynthesis)
throughout the plant. |
| What is Mesophyll? | Contains chloroplasts. |
| What is Palisade mesophyll? | top; has closely packed cells
that absorbs light that enters the leaf. |
| What is Spongy mesophyll? | bottom; has many air spaces that help with gas exchange. |
| What is the Stomata? | pores (holes) on epidermis of the leaf,
gases may enter or leave here. |
| What are Guard cells? | they regulate the rate of transpiration by
opening and closing the stomata. |
| The Calvin cycle | (light-independent reactions) is a
series of reactions that stores energy as glucose.
GOAL: To make glucose from ATP |
| Pigments | make ATP (energy) |
| Plant Hormones | Organic compounds made in one part of an organism
that affect another part of the organism. |
| What is tropism. | is a plant’s growth response to
an external stimulus. |
| Stem | Supports: plant’s leaves
and reproductive structures
Transport: water and
dissolved substances
Storage: food and water. |
| Leaf Structure | the blade of a leaf has
a large surface area for
photosynthesis. |
| capsid | outer layer of viruses made of proteins; gives
virus protection. |
| Cytoplasm- | semi-fluid
material that fills cell. |
| Cytoskeleton- | network
of long, thin protein
fibers. |
| Microtubules- | form
structure. |
| Microfilaments- | helps
cell movement. |
