Term | Definition |
Cell Membrane | outer boundary of the cell that allows certain materials in and out of the cell. |
Cell Wall | surrounds the cell membrane and provides structure for shape and protections |
Cytoplasm | gel-like substance that allows nutrients and other materials to move around in the cell |
Nuclear Membrane | a boundary that separates the nucleus and cytoplasm - it controls what enters and leaves the nucleus |
Nucleus | controls all of the activities of the cell - contains chromosomes (DNA) |
Nucleolus | like a small nucleus inside of the nucleus that contains (RNA) and ribosomes to make proteins |
Endoplasmis Reticulum (ER) | transports materials in the cell
ROUGH ER is closest to the nucleus and has ribosomes stuck on it
SMOOTH ER has no ribosomes |
Mitochondria | power house of the cell - breaks down food and releases energy (TPA) to the cell. This is called respiration. |
Ribosomes | makes protein for the cell -- found in the nucleus (nucleolus), stuck on the rough ER, and floating free inthe cytoplasm |
Vacuoles | storage area for the cell |
Golgi Bodies | customize the proteins by adding carbohydrates and lipids to them to prepare them for whatever job they have to do |
Lysosomes | contains digestive juices (enzymes) to breakdown nutrients -- if a cell is damaged the lysosomes will release their juices and destroy the cell |
Vesicle | releases molecules out of the cell |
Centriole | helps the cell when it is time to divide |
Chromosomes | (genetic material located in the nucleus) blue prints for the cell |
Cytoskeleton | the structural support system for the cell |
Chloroplasts | (found in PLANTS) capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell |
Chlorophyll | green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algea, and some bacteria |