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This part of the humerus is closer to the elbow than to the axillary region: | Distal |
The sternal area is: | superior to the diaphragm, refered to as the breast bone, superficial to the mediastinum |
Which of the following is not descriptive of the mediastinum: thoracic cavity; dorsal cavity; ventral cavity; superior to the diaphragm. | Dorsal cavity |
The frontal plane: | Is also the coronal plane |
Which of the following is true of water: is a molecule; is an aqueous solvent; is a compound? | all of the above |
What describes the ATP? | It is an energy transfer molecule |
Which of the following is not true of the mitochondria? | Mitochondria are sites of protein synthesis |
Which of the foll. is incorrect reg. the cellular organelles: most ATP is produced in the mitochondria; lysosomes contain potent enzymes that digest cellualr waste; most DNA is locatedin the Golgi appparatus; the RER is concerned with protein synthesis | most DNA is located in the Golgi apparatus |
Which of the foll. is true of the Kerbs cycle and electron transport chain enzymes? | Are located within the miotochondria |
Which of the foll. is not characteristic of gylcolysis: occurs within cytoplasm; operates anaerobically; forms lactic acid; completedly metabolises glucose to CO2, H2O and energy. | completely metabolises glucose to CO2, H2O and energy |
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of urea? | An essential amino acid |
Characteristics of amino acids? | Joined together by peptide bonds; building blocks of protein |
Monosaccarides: | includes glucose, fructose and lactose |
Describe glycogen? | Can be converted to glucose, thereby elevating the blood glucose level |
Cocci, bacilli, and curved rods: | are types of bacteria |
Which of the following is most descriptive of Staphyloccus? | Gram-positive |
Which of the foll. is NOT characteristic of epithelial tissue: arranged like floor tiles; simple, cuboidal, and columnar; large amt. of mineral-containing intracellular matrix; gives rise to endocrine & exocrine glands | large amt. of mineral-containing intracellular matrix |
Adipose tissue is: | a type of connective tissue that stores fat |
With regard to the pleural membrane: | there is a visceral and parietal plueral membrane |
The pleurae and peritoneoum: | are serous membranes |
Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning that: | it has no blood supply (contains no blood vessels) |
The epidermis is noursihed by: | blood vessels in the underlying dermis |
What is stratum corneum: | is the dead layer that is sloughed off |
Osteoclastic activity: | stimulates bone breakdown |
The atlas (C1) and axis (C2): | are vertebrae that allow the head to move
(Atlas – supports the skull and allows to say ‘yes’, up and down while Axis – side to side you say ‘No’) |
Depression of the red bone marrow: | causes a life threatening decline in blood cells |
What does actin and myosin do: | Slide against each other |
What happens when calcium is pumped back into the sacroplasmic reticulum? | Muscle relaxes |
What is Broca’s area? | Is the name of the frontal eye field area |
The sciatic nerve: | is a motor nerve that innervates (supply an organ or part of body with nerves )thigh muscles |
The retina: | contains rods and cones |
What is the consequence of diminished blood flow to the choroid? | The retina dies |
Which of the foll. does NOT describe the middle ear: contains malleus, incus, stapes; connects with the pharynx by the eustachian tube; location of the organ of corti; concerened with bone conduction | location of the organ of corti |
Function of insulin | lowers blood glucose level |
The erythocyte: | contains haemoglobin and transports O2 |
What is NOT true of the heart? | The precordium is composed of cardiac muscle |
Describe myocardium: | composed of contractile proteins; thicker in the ventricles than in the atria; thicker in the left ventricle than in the right ventricle |
Function of the valve: | regulates direction of the blood flow through the heart |
Decsirbe aortic valve: | Sees oxygenated blood; causes LVH if the valve is stenotic; classified as a semilunar valve |
What is cardiac output? | It is determined by heart rate and stroke volume |
Which of the following is NOT true about the capillaries: called the exchange vessels; membranes have holes and pores; connect arteries and the veins; have valves | have valves |
The purpose of the hepatic portal system is to : | deliver blood that is rich in digestive end products to the liver |
Which of the following is descriptive of the aorta: largest and strongest of the arteries; lined with large valves; BP in aorta is lower than in the veins | largest and strongest of the arteries |
What happens in the dehydrated state? | The capillary filtration pressure decreases and tissue fluid is absorbed in the capillaries |
Which of the foll is the least characteristic of adenoids: considered lymph organs; are tonsils; cannot be surgically removed; cells that fight infection | cannot be surgically removed |
Which complecation is most apt to develop in the patient who has had a breast removed (mastectomy) and lymph node dissection? | Lymphedema |
What are tonsils? | Pharyngeal tonsils are called adenoids |
What best describes the Killer T cell; Helper T cell; Memory T cell and suppressor T cell | Clone |
Plasma cells: | Secrete antibodies |
What is the primary conceren regarding the care of a person experiencing an anaphylactic reaction? | Inability to breathe |
What is the least descriptive of a vaccine: artificially aquired immunity; active imunity; passive, immediate onset, short lived immunity | passive, immediate onset, short lived immunity |
Inflammation is: | characterised by redness, heat, swelling and pain |
The bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli are: | collectively referred to as the bronchial tree |
What best describes the visceral and parietal pleura? | They are serous membranes |
If intraplueral pressure equals or exceeds intrapulmonic pressure | The lung collapses |
What does NOT happen while inhalation? | Pressure within the intrapleural space becomes positive |
What describes the boyle’s law? | An increase in the thoracic volume decreases intrapulmonic pressure |
Most important function of the stomach? | Deliver chyme to the duedenum at the proper rate |
Which of the foll. is NOT a function of the liver: blood-clotting factors; makes bile; secretes cholecystokinin & secretin; store fat soluble vitamins | secretes cholecystokinin & secretin |
Micturation: | refers to urination |
ADH | determines the membrane permeability of the collecting to water |
Why is glucose normally NOT excreted in the urine? | All filtered glucose is re-absorbed |
Which is least true about Aldosterone: is a mineralcorticoid; determines membrane permeability of the collecting duct to H2O | determines membrane permeability of the collecting duct to H2O |
In male, Luteinizing hormone: | is also called ICSH and stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone |
In the non-pregnant state: | hormonal secretion of the corpus luteum gradually declines |
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG): | maintains the corpus luteum |
Which structure ejects both semen and urine? | Urethra |
Whats NOT true about of testosterone: classified as androgen; secreted by anterior pituitary glands; necessary for the maturation of sperm | secreted by anterior pituitary glands |
Implantation: | is a uterine event achieved by the blastocyst |