Term | Definition |
Anonymity | A condition in which the identity of subjects remains unknown, even to the researcher, to protect subjects participating in a study and to promote objective results |
Applied Research | A type of study designed to gather knowledge that has direct clinical application |
Basic Research | A type of study designed to develop the knowledge base and extend theory without direct focus on clinical application |
Confidentiality | Protecting data that are gathered or learned from patients by not disclosing information without those parent's permission |
Correlational Research | A type of non-experimental study designed to examine the relationship between and among variables |
Cross-sectioned Research | A study that collects data at a particular point in time and does not require follow up |
Descriptive Research | A type of non-experimental study designed to provide a knowledge base when little is known about a phenomenon; used to describe variables rather than to test a predicted relationship |
Experimental Research | A study in which the researcher manipulates and controls one or more variables and observe the effect on (an)other variable(s) |
Human Rights | The protection of subjects participating in a research study; includes the right to freedom from injury, the right to privacy and dignity, and the right to anonymity and confidentiality |
Longitudinal Research | A study that follows a cohort of subjects and collects data over time |
Non experimental Research | A descriptive study that does not exhibit a great amount of control over variables |
Prospective Research | A study that examines data collected in the present |
Retrospective Research | A study that examines data collected in the past |
Risk-benefit Ratio | The relationship between potential harm to subjects and potential positive outcomes of participating in a research study; an evaluation used by subjects to make voluntary informed consent |
Vulnerable Research Participant | Those persons who are relatively or absolutely incapable of protecting their own interests and unable to provide meaningful informed consent |