Term | Definition |
Rock Cycle | the series of processes in which rocks forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes. |
Sedimentary Rock | a rock that forms from compressed or cemented layers of sediment. |
Metamorphic Rock | a rock that forms from other rocks as a result of intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes. |
Igneous Rock | a rock that form when magma cools and solidifies. |
Magma | the molten or partially molten rock material containing trapped gases produced under the Earth's surface. |
Water Cycle | the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, the ocean, and living things. |
Radiation | the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. |
Convection | the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat. |
Conduction | the transfer of energy such as heat through a material. |
Crust | the rigid, rocky outer surface of the Earth, composed of mostly basalt and granite. |
Inner Core | the solid iron-nickel center of the Earth that is very hot and under a large amount of pressure. |
Mantel | a rocky layer located under the crust- it is composed of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and calcium . convection (heat) currents carry heat from the hot inner mantle to the cooler outer mantle. |
Outer Core | the molten iron-nickel layer that surrounds the inner core. |
Glaciers | a large mass of ice that exists year round and moves over land. |
Mountains | an area of significantly increased elevation on earth's surface, usually rising to a summit |
Volcanoes | a vent or fissure in Earth's surface through which magma and gasses are expelled. |