Question | Answer |
Asexual reproduction | when a cell splits, creating two identical clones |
Clones | 2 identical organisms, with the same exact DNA |
Biotechnology | using technology to build/alter living tissue |
Chromosome | condensed (squished up) DNA, found in the nucleus |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid. Sequence of letters, A, T, C, G that pass on traits |
Genes | part of the DNA that “codes” for a trait |
Genetic engineering | altering genes, usually to treat or cure a disease ex)breast cancer gene. Bacteria making insulin |
Genetic recombination | during meiosis, some genes get switched between chromosomes (crossing over) |
Heredity | passing traits (genes) from parent to offspring |
Mutation | change in DNA that alters a gene |
Replicate | copy chromosomes before cell division |
Selective breeding | when organisms choose their mates |
Sexual reproduction | 2 parents each provide half the number of chromosomes. Increases variation in the species |
Traits | characteristic inherit from your parents |
Differentiation | when identical cells change to become specialized. |
Egg | female sex cell (haploid-half # chromosomes) |
Expressed | how a genetic trait is shown |
Sperm | male sex cell (haploid -half # chromosomes) |
Subunit | smaller units that make up a bigger structure. Ex) A protein’s _________ are amino acids |
Template | a pattern with directions for creating a new molecule |