Term | Definition |
Traits are influenced by genes and environmental factors. Explain the difference. | Genes are inherited from parents but the environment affects many of your traits. |
What is a carrier? | Someone who is carrying the disorder. |
What are the male and female sex chromosomes? | Female sex chromosomes are XX, and male sex chromosomes are XY. |
How does down syndrome occur? | Down syndrome with occur if you have a nondisjunction on chromosome 21. |
What is sickle-cell anemia? | A mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels. |
Describe DNA (including its shape and what it's made of) | DNA has a double helix shape and is made of Adenine. Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine. |
What rules must be fallowed when ATCG bases are paired up? | A is always with T and G is always with C. |
What is karyotype? | The number of visual appearance of the chromosome in the cell nuclei of an organism or species. |
What is selective breeding? | The process of selecting a few organisms with the desired traits to serve as a parent of the next generation. |
What is inbreeding? | Crossing two individuals that have identical or similar sets of alleles. |
What is cloning? | Organism that is genetically identical to the organism which produced it. |
What is a genome? | All the DNA in one cell of an organism. |
What was the purpose of the human genome project? | To provide scientists with an encyclopedia of information for humans. |
What is a mutation? | Any change in a gene or chromosome. |
What is a gene? | A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
What is genetic engineering? | Genes from one organism are transferred into DNA of another organism. |
What is the difference in mitosis and meiosis? | Meiosis has two rounds of genetic separation and cellular division while Mitosis only has one of each. |
What is unique about an identical twin's DNA? | Each of there DNA is the exactly the same as the others. |