Question | Answer |
Breathing is the process of air entering and ___ our lungs. | exiting |
___ is breathing in air. | Inhalation |
___ is breathing out air. | Exhalation |
Air moves through the nose or mouth through the ___, larynx, and trachea into the___. | pharynx, bronchi |
Gas exchange occurs in the ___. | lungs |
Air ___ the lungs through the bronchi | enters |
Air is carried through branched ducts called ___, which end in tiny sacs. | bronchioles |
Oxygen passes over a membrane between the ___ and small blood vessels. | alveoli |
Pneumonia, suffocation, and ___ make it difficult to breathe. | asthma |
Thick fluid can build up in the lungs of a person with ___. | pneumonia |
___ occurs when your lungs and body do not receive enough oxygen. | Suffocation |
Asthma interferes with gas exchange by causing ___ of the airways. | swelling |
Blood is about 55 percent ___, which is about 90 percent water. | plasma |
White blood cells, ___ ___ ___, and platelets make up the remaining portion of blood. | red blood cells |
Without ___ you could die from even a small cut because your blood would not clot. | platelets |
White blood cells are part of the ___ ___ and fight infections. | immune system |
Red blood cells have a protein called ___ that carries oxygen. | hemoglobin |
You can donate blood because your body constantly ___ blood cells. | replaces |
The heart is the organ that ___ blood throughout the circulatory system. | pumps |
The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood are the ___. | atria |
The ___ are the two lower chambers of the heart. | ventricles |
___ are vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs in the body. | Arteries |
Smaller vessels called ___ deliver oxygen and nutrients. | capillaries |
Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood to the heart are called ___. | veins |
Diseases of the heart and blood are called ___ ___. | cardiovascular diseases |
A ___ ___ occurs if the coronary arteries cannot supply enough blood to the heart. | heart attack |
A blocked or ruptured blood vessel leading to the brain can cause a ___. | stroke |
The ___ ___ oxygenates the blood. | pulmonary system |
The ___ ___ then delivers oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. | circulatory system |
A ___ lifestyle is the best way to reduce your risk of stroke and heart attack. | healthy |
Exercise helps improve the ___ of blood and oxygen to your body and keeps your bloodvessels flexible. | flow |
Choosing not to ___ keeps your blood vessels from hardening prematurely. | smoke |
Eating a diet low in saturated fat and ___ prevents materials from building up on blood vessel walls. | cholesterol |
Pressure is the amount of ___ per unit area. | force |
A ___ is the SI unit for pressure. | pascal |
In the circulatory system, ___ enables blood vessels to transport blood to all tissues. | pressure |
Pressure is increased by increasing the amount of force applied to a ___ area. | constant |
Pressure is also increased by decreasing the ___ of the area to which a constant force isapplied. | size |
Pressure can be ___ by applying less force, or by spreading a force over a ___ area. | decreased, larger |
Mammals, including humans, use breathing to ___ air into their lungs. | pull |
When you inhale, the diaphragm and rib muscles cause the chest cavity to ___. | expand |
The ___ of the lungs is expanded, and the pressure in the alveoli decreases. | volume |
Air moves from areas of high to low ___, so air is pulled into the lungs. | pressure |
When you exhale, the ___ contracts. | chest |
The volume of the lungs ___ and forces the air out of the lungs. | decreases |
When the ___ contracts, the volume inside the chamber decreases. | heart |
Blood is forced out of the chamber as the chamber gets ___. | smaller |
The heart and veins have ___ that keep blood flowing in one direction. | valves |
Valves act like ___ that open in only one direction. | doors |
Valves in the ___ prevent backflow. | veins |
The ___ ___ contracts and pumps blood into the right ventricle. | right atrium |
The ___ ___ pumps blood out of the heart to the lungs. | right ventricle |
Blood leaves the lungs and returns to the ___ ___. | left atrium |
Blood passes from the left atrium to the ___ ___. | left ventricle |
The left ventricle pumps blood out of the heart to all the ___ of the body. | tissues |
Changes in pressure can lead to ___-___ problems. | life-threatening |
___ is a dangerous rise in blood pressure caused by blockages in or hardening of blood vessels. | Hypertension |
Hypertension is a disease caused by genetic, environmental, and ___ factors. | dietary |
___ can occur when a large amount of blood is lost, decreasing blood pressure. | Shock |