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HELUS SCI 7 CH10
HELUS: Life Science: Cardiopulmonary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Breathing is the process of air entering and ___ our lungs. | exiting |
| ___ is breathing in air. | Inhalation |
| ___ is breathing out air. | Exhalation |
| Air moves through the nose or mouth through the ___, larynx, and trachea into the___. | pharynx, bronchi |
| Gas exchange occurs in the ___. | lungs |
| Air ___ the lungs through the bronchi | enters |
| Air is carried through branched ducts called ___, which end in tiny sacs. | bronchioles |
| Oxygen passes over a membrane between the ___ and small blood vessels. | alveoli |
| Pneumonia, suffocation, and ___ make it difficult to breathe. | asthma |
| Thick fluid can build up in the lungs of a person with ___. | pneumonia |
| ___ occurs when your lungs and body do not receive enough oxygen. | Suffocation |
| Asthma interferes with gas exchange by causing ___ of the airways. | swelling |
| Blood is about 55 percent ___, which is about 90 percent water. | plasma |
| White blood cells, ___ ___ ___, and platelets make up the remaining portion of blood. | red blood cells |
| Without ___ you could die from even a small cut because your blood would not clot. | platelets |
| White blood cells are part of the ___ ___ and fight infections. | immune system |
| Red blood cells have a protein called ___ that carries oxygen. | hemoglobin |
| You can donate blood because your body constantly ___ blood cells. | replaces |
| The heart is the organ that ___ blood throughout the circulatory system. | pumps |
| The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood are the ___. | atria |
| The ___ are the two lower chambers of the heart. | ventricles |
| ___ are vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to organs in the body. | Arteries |
| Smaller vessels called ___ deliver oxygen and nutrients. | capillaries |
| Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood to the heart are called ___. | veins |
| Diseases of the heart and blood are called ___ ___. | cardiovascular diseases |
| A ___ ___ occurs if the coronary arteries cannot supply enough blood to the heart. | heart attack |
| A blocked or ruptured blood vessel leading to the brain can cause a ___. | stroke |
| The ___ ___ oxygenates the blood. | pulmonary system |
| The ___ ___ then delivers oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. | circulatory system |
| A ___ lifestyle is the best way to reduce your risk of stroke and heart attack. | healthy |
| Exercise helps improve the ___ of blood and oxygen to your body and keeps your bloodvessels flexible. | flow |
| Choosing not to ___ keeps your blood vessels from hardening prematurely. | smoke |
| Eating a diet low in saturated fat and ___ prevents materials from building up on blood vessel walls. | cholesterol |
| Pressure is the amount of ___ per unit area. | force |
| A ___ is the SI unit for pressure. | pascal |
| In the circulatory system, ___ enables blood vessels to transport blood to all tissues. | pressure |
| Pressure is increased by increasing the amount of force applied to a ___ area. | constant |
| Pressure is also increased by decreasing the ___ of the area to which a constant force isapplied. | size |
| Pressure can be ___ by applying less force, or by spreading a force over a ___ area. | decreased, larger |
| Mammals, including humans, use breathing to ___ air into their lungs. | pull |
| When you inhale, the diaphragm and rib muscles cause the chest cavity to ___. | expand |
| The ___ of the lungs is expanded, and the pressure in the alveoli decreases. | volume |
| Air moves from areas of high to low ___, so air is pulled into the lungs. | pressure |
| When you exhale, the ___ contracts. | chest |
| The volume of the lungs ___ and forces the air out of the lungs. | decreases |
| When the ___ contracts, the volume inside the chamber decreases. | heart |
| Blood is forced out of the chamber as the chamber gets ___. | smaller |
| The heart and veins have ___ that keep blood flowing in one direction. | valves |
| Valves act like ___ that open in only one direction. | doors |
| Valves in the ___ prevent backflow. | veins |
| The ___ ___ contracts and pumps blood into the right ventricle. | right atrium |
| The ___ ___ pumps blood out of the heart to the lungs. | right ventricle |
| Blood leaves the lungs and returns to the ___ ___. | left atrium |
| Blood passes from the left atrium to the ___ ___. | left ventricle |
| The left ventricle pumps blood out of the heart to all the ___ of the body. | tissues |
| Changes in pressure can lead to ___-___ problems. | life-threatening |
| ___ is a dangerous rise in blood pressure caused by blockages in or hardening of blood vessels. | Hypertension |
| Hypertension is a disease caused by genetic, environmental, and ___ factors. | dietary |
| ___ can occur when a large amount of blood is lost, decreasing blood pressure. | Shock |
Created by:
jnosik
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