Term | Definition |
mineral is integral component of hydroxyapatite crystals and is present as phytic acid in many plant sources | Phosphorus |
excessive intake of this mineral can lead to reduced feed intake and polioencephalomalacia | Sulfur |
addition of this mineral a 1ppm to drinking water reduces incidence of dental carries | fluorine |
Important for synthesis of triiodothyronine and thyroxine; deficiency of this mineral leads to enlargement of the thyroid gland | iodine |
primarily functions in body as an electrolyte | potassium |
concentration of this mineral is tightly regulated in the bloodstream and is critical to bone formation, muscle, and nerve excitability, blood clotting | calcium |
65% of this mineral is found in hemoglobin; deficiency symptoms are enlarged heart, unthriftiness, and heavy breathing | Iron |
Grazing pastures high in this mineral can result in decreased Cu absorption and diarrhea | Molybdenum |
This only known function of this mineral is for vitamin B12 synthesis | Cobalt |
can be either deficient or toxic in soils; common deficiency concern is white muscle disease | Selenium |
cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions; grazing livestock are at greatest risk of deficiency in early spring | Magnesium |
Most abundant element in earth's crust | silicon |
this mineral is located in skin, hair, and involved in keratinization; as result, deficiency symptoms include parakeratosis and poor hoof/foot health | Zinc |
allows for binding of Fe to transferrin, and incorporation of Fe hemoglobin and myoglobin; mineral accumulates in liver and is highly toxic to sheep | copper |
deficiency results in perosis or slipped tendons in birds | manganese |