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Lipids | Hypdrophobic biomolecules with at lease one hydrophilic moiety. |
What are some of the functions of lipids? | Membrane components, energy storage, hormones, structure |
Fatty acids | Unbranched hydrocarbons with a carboxylate; zero or more unsaturations |
T or F: Fatty acids are usually conjugated | False |
Why are fatty acid concentrations generally low? | They can easily disrupt membranes. |
Trans fatty acids are caused by ______. | hydrogenation |
______ fatty acids are more flexible. | Saturated |
T or F: Triacylglycerols are neutral lipids. | True |
T or F: Triacylglycerols are a mix of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl chains. | True |
Catabolism | The breakdown of large to small molecules, releasing energy |
The presence of _____ enable storage of triacylglycerides. | bile salts |
_______ are the primary component of membranes. | Glycerophopholipids |
Glycerophospholipids are categorized by what? | Polar head group and fatty acyl chains |
______ forms a kink in the fatty acyl chain of glycerophospholipids. | Unsaturation |
Plasmalogens | A component of membranes but have an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage. |
T or F: Sphingolipids are found in bacteria | False |
T or F: Sphingolipids are more hydrophobic than phospholipids. | True |
Gangliosides | Surface markers for cell recognition and communication. |
T or F: Isoprenoids are non fatty acid based. | True |
Steroids are derived from _______. | cholesterol |
Eicosanoids | Oxygenated derivatives of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids. |
T or F: Eicosanoids are used in pain relievers. | True |