Question | Answer |
Is DNA single stranded or double stranded? | double stranded |
What shape is DNA? | double helix |
How many bases are there in DNA? | 4 |
What four bases make up the genetic code? | Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine |
Which base does Adenine pair with in DNA? | Thymine |
Which base does Guanine pair with in DNA? | Cytosine |
In which cell structure are proteins made? | Ribosome |
In which cell structure is DNA found? | Nucleus |
DNA makes a copy of itself to carry the genetic code out of the nucleus. What is this copy called? | mRNA |
Is mRNA single stranded or double stranded? | Single stranded |
How many bases are needed to make 1 amino acid? | 3 |
What are the building blocks of protein? | Amino acids |
Why can the DNA molecule not leave the nucleus? | Double stranded molecule is too big |
What is the function of mRNA? | It Carries a Complementary Copy of the Genetic Code from the Nucleus to the Ribosome. |
What is the function of DNA? | Carries the genetic information for making proteins. |
What is a gene? | A section of DNA which codes for proteins. |
What are the two strands of DNA held together by? | Complementary base pairs. |
If the base sequence on the genetic code changes, what happens to the amino acid sequence in proteins? | The amino acid sequence will change. |
If the amino acid sequence changes this will affect the proteins ____________ and _____________. | Shape and Function. |
What are the five types of protein? | Enzyme, Hormone, Antibodies, Receptors and Structural |
What is the function of enzymes? | Biological catalyst that speeds up reactions. |
What is the function of hormones? | Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream. |
What is the function of Antibodies? | Defend the body against pathogens. |
What is the function of receptors? | Binds to a specific hormone at the target tissue to cause a response |
What is the function of structural proteins? | Provides support in the cell membrane. |
Describe how different types of proteins can be produced. | Different DNA base sequence would result in different proteins being made. |