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CB - DNA & Proteins

Cell Biology - Topic 4 - DNA & Protein Production

QuestionAnswer
Is DNA single stranded or double stranded? double stranded
What shape is DNA? double helix
How many bases are there in DNA? 4
What four bases make up the genetic code? Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
Which base does Adenine pair with in DNA? Thymine
Which base does Guanine pair with in DNA? Cytosine
In which cell structure are proteins made? Ribosome
In which cell structure is DNA found? Nucleus
DNA makes a copy of itself to carry the genetic code out of the nucleus. What is this copy called? mRNA
Is mRNA single stranded or double stranded? Single stranded
How many bases are needed to make 1 amino acid? 3
What are the building blocks of protein? Amino acids
Why can the DNA molecule not leave the nucleus? Double stranded molecule is too big
What is the function of mRNA? It Carries a Complementary Copy of the Genetic Code from the Nucleus to the Ribosome.
What is the function of DNA? Carries the genetic information for making proteins.
What is a gene? A section of DNA which codes for proteins.
What are the two strands of DNA held together by? Complementary base pairs.
If the base sequence on the genetic code changes, what happens to the amino acid sequence in proteins? The amino acid sequence will change.
If the amino acid sequence changes this will affect the proteins ____________ and _____________. Shape and Function.
What are the five types of protein? Enzyme, Hormone, Antibodies, Receptors and Structural
What is the function of enzymes? Biological catalyst that speeds up reactions.
What is the function of hormones? Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream.
What is the function of Antibodies? Defend the body against pathogens.
What is the function of receptors? Binds to a specific hormone at the target tissue to cause a response
What is the function of structural proteins? Provides support in the cell membrane.
Describe how different types of proteins can be produced. Different DNA base sequence would result in different proteins being made.
Created by: StNiniansHS
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