| Question | Answer |
| Robert Hooke | -Was the first person to describe cells
-He looked at cork under a microscope
-Hooke looked at cells in plants and fungi |
| Anton von Leeuwenhoek | -He discovered protists in pond scum
-He called the protists “animalcules”
-Animalcules mean “little animals”
--First to see blood cells, bacteria and yeast cells
--He made his own microscope with 2 glass beads |
| Schleiden | -He concluded that all plants are made of cells. |
| Schwann | -He concluded that all animals were made of cells |
| Virchow | -Stated that all cells come from other cells. |
| 3 Parts of the Cell Theory | - All organisms are made of one or more cells
-The cell is the basic unit of all living things
-All cells come from other cells. |
| Cells all have... | Cell membrane
DNA
Cytoplasm
Organelles |
| Prokaryote | -Single celled organisms
-Do NOT have a nucleus
-- Do NOT have membrane bound organelles
Examples: Bacteria and Archaea |
| Eukaryotes | -Single or many celled organisms
Have a nucleus
--Organelles have a membrane around them
Examples: Animals, plants, fungi |
| Bacteria | -Smallest cells known
--Live almost everywhere
Example: soil, water, your bodies |
| Archaea | Live in extreme environments
Example: volcanoes, hot springs
--3 Types:
Heat-loving
Salt-loving
Methane making |
| Cell cycle | Includes interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis. |
| Mitosis | Where the nucleus divides
4 phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| Interphase | Where the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA,
And prepares to divide |
| Prophase | First phase of mitosis
Nuclear membrane starts to disappear
Chromosomes become visible
Centrioles start to move to opposite ends of the cell. |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. |
| Anaphase | The chromosomes split at the centromere and move to
Opposite ends of the cell. |
| Telophase | The nuclear membrane starts to reappear
The cell starts to split into 2 cells
Last phase of mitosis |
| Cytokinesis | Cell splits into 2 cells |
