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Hawkes - Test 10/14
About Discovery of Cells, and Vocab words for Cell Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Robert Hooke | -Was the first person to describe cells -He looked at cork under a microscope -Hooke looked at cells in plants and fungi |
| Anton von Leeuwenhoek | -He discovered protists in pond scum -He called the protists “animalcules” -Animalcules mean “little animals” --First to see blood cells, bacteria and yeast cells --He made his own microscope with 2 glass beads |
| Schleiden | -He concluded that all plants are made of cells. |
| Schwann | -He concluded that all animals were made of cells |
| Virchow | -Stated that all cells come from other cells. |
| 3 Parts of the Cell Theory | - All organisms are made of one or more cells -The cell is the basic unit of all living things -All cells come from other cells. |
| Cells all have... | Cell membrane DNA Cytoplasm Organelles |
| Prokaryote | -Single celled organisms -Do NOT have a nucleus -- Do NOT have membrane bound organelles Examples: Bacteria and Archaea |
| Eukaryotes | -Single or many celled organisms Have a nucleus --Organelles have a membrane around them Examples: Animals, plants, fungi |
| Bacteria | -Smallest cells known --Live almost everywhere Example: soil, water, your bodies |
| Archaea | Live in extreme environments Example: volcanoes, hot springs --3 Types: Heat-loving Salt-loving Methane making |
| Cell cycle | Includes interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis. |
| Mitosis | Where the nucleus divides 4 phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| Interphase | Where the cell grows, makes a copy of its DNA, And prepares to divide |
| Prophase | First phase of mitosis Nuclear membrane starts to disappear Chromosomes become visible Centrioles start to move to opposite ends of the cell. |
| Metaphase | Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. |
| Anaphase | The chromosomes split at the centromere and move to Opposite ends of the cell. |
| Telophase | The nuclear membrane starts to reappear The cell starts to split into 2 cells Last phase of mitosis |
| Cytokinesis | Cell splits into 2 cells |
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