Question | Answer |
small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers | monomers |
large compound formed from combinations of many smaller monomers | polymers |
compounds made up from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, usually in a ratio of 1:2:1 ; used as main source of energy | carbohydrates |
another name for simple sugars | monosaccharide |
large macromolecules formed from monosaccharide | polysaccharides |
large and varied group of biological molecules that is generally not soluble in water. made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms and used to store energy | lipids |
the fatty acids contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms | saturated |
a fatty acid that has at least one carbon-carbon double bond | unsaturated |
individual monomers that make up nucleic acids. consist of three parts; a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base | nucleotides |
macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. store and transmit hereditary or genetic information | nucleic acids |
macromolecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen; some control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes, some are used to form bones/muscles, others transport substances into and out of the cells or help to fight disease | proteins |
monomers of molecules that make proteins | amino acids |
proteins that speed up chemical reactions in a cell | enzymes |
energy needed to get a reactions started | activation energy |
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction | catalyst |
the reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions | substrates |