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What is the BEST position for a patient to be in during a venous insufficiency exam? | Standing is the best reflux test position |
During a venous reflux exam what position are patients USUALLY in? | Semi-Fowler's or reverse Trendelenburg position |
How long does venous reflux need to be above the baseline for it to be considered abnormal? | Greater than or equal to 1 second |
What are the values for a grading reflux scale? | Grade 1: 1-2 seconds
Grade 2: 2-4 seconds
Grade 3: 4-6 seconds
Grade 4: >6 seconds |
Many venous insufficiency patients have multiple ___________________ ____________ _________________ ? | Incompetent venous systems |
What are the three methods for ablating the GSV, SSV, or varicose veins? | 1) Radiofrequency (VNUS)
2) Laser (EVLT)
3) Sclerosing foam injection |
What is photoplethysmography (PPG)? | An infrared light that responds to changes in the blood content in the subcutaneous layer. |
During a PPG how long should it take for normal, non-damaged, veins to fill back up? | It should take longer/ greater then 20 seconds |
What is air plethysmography (APG)? | A test that measures how good the calf muscle pump works. |
What are the characteristics of a venous ulcer? | Venous:
-Occurs near the medial malleolus
-They have a irregular shape and they are shallow
-Stasis dermatitis, infection or inflammation, varicose veins
-Mild pain
-Venous ooze |