Question | Answer |
Teeth increase surface area of food and saliva mixes with food for ease of swallowing | Mouth |
Type of enzyme found in saliva | Carbohydrase (amylase) |
Tube that carries food from mouth to stomach | Oesophagus |
Muscular movements that push food along oesophagus | Peristalsis |
Muscular bag that mixes food with acid and enzymes | Stomach |
Role of stomach acid | Kill bacteria, provide optimum pH for stomach enzymes |
Type of enzymes working in the stomach | Protease |
Firstly competes digestion, then absorption of food molecules into the blood | Small intestine |
Types of enzymes found in the small intestine | Protease, carbohydrase and lipase |
Structures found on Wall of small intestine to increase surface area | Villi |
Produces bile | Liver |
Stores bile | Gall bladder |
Carries bile from gall bladder to small intestine | Bile duct |
Role of bile | Emulsify fats and neutralise stomach acid |
Describe & explain what happens when fats are emulsified by bile | Large droplets of fat are broken down into smaller droplets to increase surface area for lipase enzymes |
Absorbs water into the blood | Large intestine |
Allows faeces to leave the body | Anus |
Breaking down large, insoluble molecules into small, soluble ones | Digestion |
Movement of small food molecules into the blood stream | Absorption |
Removal of wastes from the body | Excretion |
Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates | Carbohydrase |
Building blocks of carbohydrates | Glucose |
Enzymes that break down fats | Lipase |
Building blocks of fats | Glycerol and fatty acids |
Enzymes that break down proteins | Protease |
Building blocks of protein | Amino acids |
Chemical used to test for starch | Iodine |
Colour change test for starch | Orange > blue/black |
Chemical used to test for glucose | Benedicts (heat strongly) |
Color change for benedicts test | Blue > brick red |
Chemical used to test for protein | Biuret |
Colour change for biuret test | Blue > purple/lilac |
Role of amino acids in the body | Growth and repair |
Role of glucose in the body | Energy released during respiration |
Role of fats in the body | Store of energy, protect organs, insulation |