Question | Answer |
What process is used by autotrophs to make carbohydrates? | photosynthesis |
This supplies all the energy for life on earth | sun |
What are the inner folds of the mitochondria called? | cristae |
What is the product made in the Calvin Cycle? | G3P |
In what cell organelle does most of respiration occur? | mitochondria |
In which step of cellular respiration are the most ATP’s made? | electron transport |
Which step of cellular respiration splits glucose? | glycolysis |
When skeletal muscles cramp, what substance is building up in muscles? | lactic acid |
Foods such as cheese, sour cream, and yogurt are produced using which type of fermentation? | lactic acid |
Which type of fermentation occurs in yeast and some bacteria? | alcoholic |
Where does fermentation occur? | cytoplasm |
In prokaryotes, how many ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose? | 38 |
In aerobic respiration, what is the final step in the breakdown of glucose? | electron transport |
What is another word for anaerobic respiration? | fermentation |
In eukaryotes, how many ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose? | 36 |
In aerobic respiration, what is the final step in the breakdown of glucose? | electron transport |
How many FADH2 molecules are produced in the Krebs Cycle? | 2 |
How many NADH molecules are produced in the Krebs Cycle? | 8 |
When pyruvate reacts with CoA, what does it form? | acetyl CoA |
What is pyruvate eventually converted into? | CO2 |
How many ATP molecules are produced in the Krebs Cycle? | 2 |
How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced in the Krebs Cycle? | 6 |
What is another name for the Krebs Cycle? | citric acid cycle |
In addition to ATP, what is the other net result of glycolysis? | pyruvate |
What type of process is glycolysis? | anaerobic |
When one molecule of glucose breaks down, how many NADH are produced? | 2 |
When one molecule of glucose breaks down, how many ATP are produced? | 2 |
What type of process does not require oxygen? | anaerobic |
What type of process requires oxygen? | aerobic |
What is the first step in cellular respiration? | glycolysis |
Light independent reactions are also known as? | Calvin Cycle |
What biological enzyme converts inorganic CO2 into organic molecules the cell can use? | rubisco |
What is the second phase of photosynthesis called? | Calvin Cycle |
The process of electrons flowing down a concentration gradient & producing ATP is? | chemiosmosis |
What breaks down & causes leaves to change color in the fall? | chlorophyll |
Pigments that reflects yellow, orange & red. | carotenoids |
Chlorphylls reflect this color. | green |
Fluid filled space around grana | stroma |
Light absorbing molecules are called? | pigments |
Stacks of thylakoids are called? | grana |
Where are chloroplasts found? | leaves |
Flattened sac-like membranes arranged in stacks are called? | thylakoids |
Which organelles in plants capture light for photosynthesis? | chloroplasts |
Besides ATP, what is the other energy storage molecule in photosynthesis? | NADPH |
How many phases does photosynthesis occur in? | 2 |
38 of these are produced in prokaryotic respiration. | ATP |
When ADP loses a phosphate it becomes this. | AMP |
Krebs Cycle converts this to ATP. | ADP |
When ATP loses one phosphate it becomes this. | ADP |
Most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy | ATP |
Contains 1 phosphate. | AMP |
Contains 2 phosphates. | ADP |
Contains 3 phosphates. | ATP |
Where do light independent reactions take place? | stroma |
Where do light dependent reactions take place? | thylakoid |
What kind of pathway is cellular respiration? | catabolic |
What kind of pathway is photosynthesis? | anabolic |
This type of reaction breaks down large molecules into small molecules. | catabolic |
This type of reaction builds large molecules from small ones. | anabolic |
An organism that uses inorganic substances to make food. | chemoautotroph |
An organism that converts light into energy. | photoautotroph |
An organism that cannot make its own food. | heterotroph |
An organism that makes its own food. | autotroph |
What is the most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy? | ATP |
Series of reactions in which the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next. | metabolic pathway |
All the chemical reactions in a cell are known as? | metabolism |
Where does all energy in living organisms ultimately originate? | sun |
Study of the flow & transformation of energy in the universe. | thermodynamics |
The ability to do work | energy |