Question | Answer |
What are the three parts if the cell theory? | All living things are made of cells, Cells are the basic unit of life, Cells come from cells (reproduce) |
What are the requirements to be alive? | Grow, Reproduce, Use food for energy, Respond to changes in the environment |
Why are cells generally so small? | They work more efficiently. |
Which has bigger cells, a human or mosquito? | They are about the same size, but humans have a greater amount of cells. |
What are the largest single cells on earth? | Eggs |
What structure does a eukaryotic cell have that a prokaryotic cell does not? | Nucleus, lysosomes, ER, Mitochondria, and Golgi Apparatus |
What is the difference between a virus and bacterium? | A virus doesn't have a nucleus and cannot reproduce without a host? Bacteria is also bigger and more complex than virus'. |
Define Nucleus | The brain of the cell |
Chromosomes | Has DNA which determines the characteristics. |
Cell Membrane | Protects cell and allows for proteins to pass into the cell. |
Cytoplasm | Clear, jelly-like substance. Holds the internal components of the cell. |
Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell. Develops energy from nutrients (cellular respiration) |
Lysosomes | In charge of digestion and removing waste |
Vacuoles (vesicles) | Transports products of metabolism |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | Transports and modifies proteins |
Ribosomes | Builds proteins |
Golgi Bodies | Modifies, sorts, and transports lipids. Also responsible for the creation of lysosomes |
Cytoskeleton | Skeleton like, which allows for the cell to keep its shape |
Why is the inner folded membrane of the mitochondria beneficial to the cell? | A higher amount of energy because the |
FIRST PART: The journey starts with the nucleus, which provides the instructions for the proteins. What are these instructions passed to? | Ribosomes |
SECOND PART: After the protein is built what organelle is it passed to in order to become modified and folded into the type of proteins that the cell will need? | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
THIRD PART: Once modified and added too, the proteins will need to be transported out into the cell. Which organelle will do this? | Golgi Bodies |
What are the two structure that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not? Why are these structures necessary? | Cell Wall and Chloroplast |
What is the cell membrane made out of? | Phospholipid Bilayer (Lipid Bilayer) |
What is diffusion? | Particles moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
What is osmosis? | Water molecules moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
What is the difference between active transportation and the different types of diffusion that we discussed? | |
What is active transport? | Movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to high concentration |
What direction does water travel in a hypertonic cell? | In |
What direction does water travel in hypotonic cell? | Out |
What direction does water travel in a isotonic cell? | In |
What are the levels of specialization? | Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism |
What are stem cells? How can they be useful? | Stem cells have many different uses, such as becoming brain cells, blood cells, heart muscles, or bone. |
Who is going to ace this test? | You :) |