Term | Definition |
Habituation | A decreased response to a repeated stimulus judged to be of no consequence. |
Sensitization | A change in a response to a weak stimulus, caused by the readiness of an organism for a stronger stimulus. |
Learning | A change in behavior as a result of an experience. |
Stimulus | Anything in an environment that causes an organism to respond. |
Response | An observable behavior. |
Classical Conditioning | Learning in which a stimulus that does not elicit a given response is repeatably linked with one that does until the neutral stimulus elicits the response itself. |
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) | Agent that leads to a response without training. |
Unconditioned Response (UCR) | Automatic response to a UCS. |
Neutral Stimulus (NS) | Agent that initially has not effect. (Look for first when solving problem) |
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) | A former NS that comes to elicit a given response after paring with a UCS. |
Conditioned Response (CR) | A learned response to a CS. |
Generalized Stimulus | Production of a similar response to a similar stimulus. |
Extinction | Gradual disappearance of a CR because the CS is repetitively presented without the UCS. |
Operant Conditioning | Learning that takes place when a spontaneous behavior is referred as punishment. |
Spontaneous Behavior | Any voluntary or non reflexive action. |
Stimulus | Something in the environment that caused a response. |
Response | Unit of behavior. |
Consequences | The positive or negative responses for a behavior. |
Spontaneous Behavior | Action that is voluntary control. |
Reinforcement | Strengthening of a response by a consequence that follows immediately. (Good) |
Extinction | The gradual disappearance of a response because it lacks reinforcement. |
Aversive Control | Influencing behavior by use of unpleasant stimulus. |
Negative Reinforcement | Increasing the likelihood of a response by removing or preventing an unpleasant stimulus. |
Avoidance | Frequently responding to prevent the onset of an unpleasant stimulus. |
Escape | Increasing a response in frequency to stop an unpleasant response. |
Punishment | Unpleasant consequence that decreases the frequencies of a behavior. |
Practice | The repetition of a task to aid in learning. |
Attention | Detecting the appropriate stimulus. |
Feedback | Discovering the consequences of a behavior or the results of a performance. |