Term | Definition |
chemical reaction | process that changes one set of chemicals to another set of chemicals |
reactants | elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
product | elements or compounds produced by chemical reaction |
activation energy | energy needed to get a reaction started |
catalyst | substance that speeds up rate of chemical reaction |
enzyme | proteins that act as biological catalysts (used by cells) |
substrate | reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions |
monomer | small compounds that combine to make polymers |
polymers | large compounds made up of monomers |
carbohydrates | compounds made up of C, H,, O source of energy |
ATP adenosine triphosphate | when we break bond between phosphates we get energy |
glucose | C6H12O6 |
monosaccharide | single sugar molecules includes galctose |
polysccharide | large macro-molecules formed by monosccharides includes glycogen |
lipids | made mostly from carbon and hydrogen fats oils and wax |
nucleic acids | macro-molecules assembled form monomers known as nucleotides |
nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acid |
ribonucleic acid | rna contains sugar ribose (a nucleic acid) |
deoxyribonucleic acid | contains sugar deoxyribose |
proteins | macromolecules that contain nitrogen carbon hydrogen oxygen |
amino acides | compunds with amino group (-NH2) on one end and carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other makes up proteins |