Question | Answer |
Unicellular | Organisms with only one cell. |
Binary Fission | Occurs when a single celled organism splits into two cells. |
Asexual Reproduction | Reproduction with only one cell. |
Decomposers | Bacteria that feed on dead and decaying organisms. |
Decomposition | Nature’s process of recycling material. Decomposers release enzymes to break down dead organic matter. |
Cyanobacteri | The first bacteria that was able to undergo photosynthesis |
Photosynthesis | During this process organisms (producers) make food as glucose and also produce oxygen. |
Prokaryotic Cell | The simplest type of cell and only found in bacteria |
Organelles | Small structures inside eukaryotic cells surrounded by membranes inside the cell |
Cell Wall | The part of the cell that surrounds the cell membrane and protects the cell |
Cell Membrane | The part of the cell that surrounds the cytoplasm and lets some material enter and exit the cell |
Cytoplasm | Enclosed within the cell membrane: gel like yet fluid substance that fills the cell. |
Ribosome | The part of the cell that builds protein. |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | The circular strand in the center of the bacteria that “controls” the cell and contains the genes needed for cell growth, survival& reproduction. |
Capsule | The outer coating that protects the cell. Outside of the cell wall. |
Flagella | Long whip like protrusion that aids in cellular locomotion. |
Pilli (Pilus) | Hair like structures on the surface of the cell that help bacteria attach to surfaces. |
Coccus | Round shaped bacteria |
Bacillus | Rod shaped bacteria |
Spirillum | Spiral shaped bacteria |
Staphylo | Clusters of bacteria |
Diplo | Pair of bacteria |
Strepto | Chain of bacteria |
Kingdoms | Large groups of living organisms with some similarity |
Archeabacteria (Archea) | First form of life. |
Extremophiles | Archeabacteria that live in extreme or unusual environments that most organisms could not. |
Halophile | Extremophiles that live in extremely salty environments. (Salt lovers) |
Methanogens | Extremophile found in swamps, sediments, sewage and buried landfills. Makes methane. |
Eubacteria | Evolved after Archea |
Adaptations | Structures, chemicals and behaviors that help organisms survive. |
Endospore | Bacteria adaptation - A thick wall that surrounds DNA |
Conjugation | Bacteria adaptation – Allows for new genetic combinations to increase survival. |