Term | Definition |
Cell Membrane | Composed of a phospholipid bilayer, controls movement of substances in and out of the cell |
Cell Wall | Structure which surrounds a plant, prostitan, fungal, or bacterial cell and maintains the cell's shape and rigidity |
Cellular Respiration | Metabolic reactions that use the energy primarily from carbohydrate but also fatty acid or amino acid breakdown t produce ATP molecules |
Chloroplast | Membranous organelle that contains chlorophyll (green pigment which captures solar energy during photosynthesis) and is the site of photosynthesis |
Chromatin | Network of fibrils consisting of DNA and associated proteins observed within a nucleus that is not dividing |
Chromosome | Rod-like structure in the nucleus seen during cell division, contains the hereditary units or genes |
Cristae | Short, finger-like projections formed by the folding of the inner membrane of mitochondria |
Cytoplasm | Contents of a cell between the nucleus and the plasma membrane that contains the organelles |
Cytoskeleton | Internal framework of the cell consisting of microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments |
Golgi Bodies | Organelle, consisting of flattened saccules and also vesicles, that processes, packages and distributes molecules about or from the cell |
Lysosome | Membrane-bounded vesicle that contains hydrolytic enzymes for digesting macromolecules |
Matrix | Unstructured semifluid substance that fills the space between cells in connective tissues or inside organelles |
Mitochondria | Membrane bounded organelle in which ATP molecules are produced during the process of cellular respiration |
Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum |
Nuclear Pore | Opening in the nuclear envelope that permits the passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus |
Nucleolus | Dark-staining, spherical body in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits |
Nucleus | Membrane-bounded organelle within a eukaryotic cell that contains chromosomes and controls the structure and function of the cell |
Organelle | Small, often membranous structure in the cytoplasm, having a specific structure and function |
Polysome | a cluster of ribosomes held together by a strand of messenger RNA |
Ribosome | RNA and protein in two subunits, site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm |
Rough ER | Has attached ribosomes, site of protein synthesis, packages proteins in a vesicle and sends to golgi body |
Smooth ER | No attached ribosomes, makes lipids and steroids, detoxifies. |
Vacuole | Membrane-bounded sac that holds fluid and a variety of other substances |
Vesicle | Small, membrane-bounded sac that stores substances within a cell |