Answer | Question |
Breast Changes
Nausea & Vomiting
Urinary frequency
Fatigue
Quickening (16-20 weeks)
Amenorrhea
Uterus enlargment | What are the presumptive signs of pregnancy? |
Abdominal enlargement
Hegar's sign
Goodell's sign
Chadwick's sign
Positive pregnancy test
Ballottement
Braxton Hicks Contractions
Fetal outline palpated by examiner | What are the probable signs of pregnancy? |
Fetal heart sounds
Visualization of fetus by ultrasound
Fetal movements palpated by an experienced examiner | What are the probable signs of pregnancy? |
Production can start as early as the day of implantation
Levels peak around 60-70 days of gestation and decline until about the 80th day and will gradually increase till end of pregnancy | What is hCG? |
Refers to the number of pregnancies in a woman's history | What is gravidity? |
Refers the number of pregnancies that reached viability (20 weeks) | What is parity? |
Acronym used to determine a woman's obstetric history | What is GTPAL? |
Uterus increases in size, changes shape and position
Menses and ovulation stop | What are reproductive changes during pregnancy? |
Increased cardiac output
Blood volume will increase by 45-50%
Increased HR | What are the cardiovascular changes during pregnancy? |
Diaphragm displacement occurs as uterus gets larger
Lung capacity decreases
RR increases | What are the respiratory changes during pregnancy? |
Weight increase and necessitate an adjustment to posture
Slight relaxation and increased mobility of the pelvic joints | What are the musculoskeletal changes during pregnancy? |
Nausea and vomiting (early pregnancy)
Displacement of stomach and intestines
Delayed gastric motility and gastric emptying can result in constipation | What are the gastrointestinal changes during pregnancy? |
Filtration rate increase
Urine production stays the same
Urinary frequency (1st and 3rd trimesters) | What are the renal changes during pregnancy? |
By 14th week placenta produces large amounts of
hCG
progesterone
estrogen
human placental lactogen
prostoglandins | What are endocrine changes during pregnancy? |