Term | Definition |
cell | basic unit of structure of all living things; smallest unit in which life processes can be carried out |
cell theory | all living things are composed of one or more cells; a cell is the basic unit of life - all chemical reactions occur within cell; cells come from other cells |
cell wall | thick outer layer of cellulose |
cell membrane | flexible thin protective layer that helps control what goes in and out of cell (security - police) |
cytoplasm | watery fluid inside cell (Mr. Liquid) |
organelles | structures inside a cell that perform a certain purpose |
nucleus | cell control center; largest organelle |
nuclear membrane | wall of nucleus- regulates what goes in and out of the nucleus |
chromosomes | hold genetic information that is passed on to new cells; also direct cell growth and reproduction |
mitochondria | produce energy for the cell; ATP, Metabolic pathways, and enzymes are at work in here |
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | functions as the cell's transportation system-
1.Rough ER- has ribosomes attached, transports materials
2.Smooth ER- no ribosomes, transports materials |
ribosomes | produce protein for the cell (Mr. Protein) |
nucleolus | sun |
Golgi Body | processes and transports proteins |
lysosomes | recycle worn out cell parts (trasher) |
vacuoles | store things like water and food the cell needs |
chloroplasts | found only in plant cells; contain green chlorophyll |
centrosome | center of nucleus |
Hooke | saw the first cell |
Cells testify to God's creative work! | cells contain enough complex genetic information to create a new organism! |
energy | the ability to do work |
cellular respiration | the breaking down of food molecules by cells into usable energy (happens in mitochondria) |
ATP | molecule that carries small packets of energy |
metabolic pathways | chemical reactions that break down or make materials the cells need |
enzymes | special proteins that speed up chemical reactions (without them, reactions would not happen fast enough for cells to live) |