Term | Definition |
Evolution | the process of change that has transformed life on Earth its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today. |
Biology | The scientific study of life |
Reductionism | An approach which reduces complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study |
Emergent properties | New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases |
Systems biology | the exploration of a biological system by analyzing each part and how they interact together |
Cell | the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life |
prokaryotic cell | lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles. Ex. archaea and bacteria |
eukaryotic cell | membrane-enclosed organelles including the DNA containing nucleus. |
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | chromosomes contain genetic material. Made up of four types nucleotides |
genes | units of inheritance. Contained in DNA |
gene expression | the process by which DNA directs the production of proteins. DNA->RNA-> Chains of amino acids->protein |
genome | the "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits |
producers | organism that produce there own food, such as leaves with photosynthetic. |
consumers | organism that feed on producers and consumers |
feedback regulation | the output, or product, of a process regulates that very process |
negative feedback regulation | a loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus
ex.stopping the insulin secretion |
positive feedback regulation | an end product speeds up its own production ex. blood clotting |
Evolution | the process of change that has transformed life on Earth, accounts for the unity an diversity of life. It also the match of organisms to their environments |
Domain Eukarya | Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Animalia, Protists |
Kingdom Plantae | Plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules by photosynthesis |