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Bio 210: Chap 1
Evolution the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Theory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolution | the process of change that has transformed life on Earth its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today. |
| Biology | The scientific study of life |
| Reductionism | An approach which reduces complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study |
| Emergent properties | New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases |
| Systems biology | the exploration of a biological system by analyzing each part and how they interact together |
| Cell | the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life |
| prokaryotic cell | lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles. Ex. archaea and bacteria |
| eukaryotic cell | membrane-enclosed organelles including the DNA containing nucleus. |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | chromosomes contain genetic material. Made up of four types nucleotides |
| genes | units of inheritance. Contained in DNA |
| gene expression | the process by which DNA directs the production of proteins. DNA->RNA-> Chains of amino acids->protein |
| genome | the "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits |
| producers | organism that produce there own food, such as leaves with photosynthetic. |
| consumers | organism that feed on producers and consumers |
| feedback regulation | the output, or product, of a process regulates that very process |
| negative feedback regulation | a loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus ex.stopping the insulin secretion |
| positive feedback regulation | an end product speeds up its own production ex. blood clotting |
| Evolution | the process of change that has transformed life on Earth, accounts for the unity an diversity of life. It also the match of organisms to their environments |
| Domain Eukarya | Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Animalia, Protists |
| Kingdom Plantae | Plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules by photosynthesis |
Created by:
mjivens
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