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Bio 210: Chap 1

Evolution the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Theory

TermDefinition
Evolution the process of change that has transformed life on Earth its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today.
Biology The scientific study of life
Reductionism An approach which reduces complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study
Emergent properties New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
Systems biology the exploration of a biological system by analyzing each part and how they interact together
Cell the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life
prokaryotic cell lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles. Ex. archaea and bacteria
eukaryotic cell membrane-enclosed organelles including the DNA containing nucleus.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) chromosomes contain genetic material. Made up of four types nucleotides
genes units of inheritance. Contained in DNA
gene expression the process by which DNA directs the production of proteins. DNA->RNA-> Chains of amino acids->protein
genome the "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits
producers organism that produce there own food, such as leaves with photosynthetic.
consumers organism that feed on producers and consumers
feedback regulation the output, or product, of a process regulates that very process
negative feedback regulation a loop in which the response reduces the initial stimulus ex.stopping the insulin secretion
positive feedback regulation an end product speeds up its own production ex. blood clotting
Evolution the process of change that has transformed life on Earth, accounts for the unity an diversity of life. It also the match of organisms to their environments
Domain Eukarya Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Animalia, Protists
Kingdom Plantae Plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules by photosynthesis
Created by: mjivens
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