Question | Answer |
Allele(s) | The different forms of genes. |
Chromosomes | any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively. |
Dominant trait | The trait that is seen the most. |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; a nucleic acid that is the main constituent of the chromosomes of all organisms (except some viruses). |
Gene(s) | Traits that you inherit from your parents. |
Genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits. |
Heredity | The transferring of genetics from parent to offspring. |
Heterozygous | When dominant and recessive traits are next to each other. |
Homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that carry the same set of genes. |
Homozygous | Two dominant or two recessive trait next to each other. |
Meiosis | The process of cell division that only occurs in sex cells. |
Mitosis | The process of cell division that only occurs in body cells. |
Mutation | a sudden departure from the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a chromosome |
Nucleotide | any of a group of molecules that, when linked together, form the building blocks of DNA or RNA: composed of a phosphate group, the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, and a pentose sugar, in RNA the thymine base being replaced by uracil. |
Pedigree | A tool for tracing a tight through generations of a family. |
Phenotype | the observable constitution of an organism. |
Recessive trait | The trait that is seen the least |
Ribosome | Protein that is formed in a cell. |
RNA | ribonucleic acid: any of a class of single-stranded molecules |
Sex chromosomes | a chromosome, differing in shape or function from other chromosomes, that determines the sex of an individual. |
Trait(s) | a distinguishing characteristic or quality, especially of one's personal nature |
Describe the significance if Mendel's work with pea plants | He was the first to figure it out in the timeline he was in. |
Describe the difference between Phenotype and Genotype and how a punnett square can help with probability of inheriting certain traits. | Genotype is what you see on the outside and Phenotype is what you don't see. |