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Science Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Allele(s) | The different forms of genes. |
| Chromosomes | any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively. |
| Dominant trait | The trait that is seen the most. |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; a nucleic acid that is the main constituent of the chromosomes of all organisms (except some viruses). |
| Gene(s) | Traits that you inherit from your parents. |
| Genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits. |
| Heredity | The transferring of genetics from parent to offspring. |
| Heterozygous | When dominant and recessive traits are next to each other. |
| Homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that carry the same set of genes. |
| Homozygous | Two dominant or two recessive trait next to each other. |
| Meiosis | The process of cell division that only occurs in sex cells. |
| Mitosis | The process of cell division that only occurs in body cells. |
| Mutation | a sudden departure from the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a chromosome |
| Nucleotide | any of a group of molecules that, when linked together, form the building blocks of DNA or RNA: composed of a phosphate group, the bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, and a pentose sugar, in RNA the thymine base being replaced by uracil. |
| Pedigree | A tool for tracing a tight through generations of a family. |
| Phenotype | the observable constitution of an organism. |
| Recessive trait | The trait that is seen the least |
| Ribosome | Protein that is formed in a cell. |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid: any of a class of single-stranded molecules |
| Sex chromosomes | a chromosome, differing in shape or function from other chromosomes, that determines the sex of an individual. |
| Trait(s) | a distinguishing characteristic or quality, especially of one's personal nature |
| Describe the significance if Mendel's work with pea plants | He was the first to figure it out in the timeline he was in. |
| Describe the difference between Phenotype and Genotype and how a punnett square can help with probability of inheriting certain traits. | Genotype is what you see on the outside and Phenotype is what you don't see. |
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Easy80
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