Question | Answer |
what is an antibiotic? | a chemical that limits the growth of bacteria |
what is a saprophyte? | bacteria that use dead organisms asa food and energy source |
what are nitrogen-fixing bacteria? | bacteria that change nitrogen in the air into a form that plants can use to grow |
what is a pathogen? | any organism that causes disease |
what is a toxin? | poisonous substances that some bacteria produce |
what is an endospore? | a thick-walled structure that bacteria use to protect themselves. It can keep a bacteria alive (in hibernation) for hundreds of years |
what is pasteurization? | heating food to high temperatures to kill bacteria in it |
what is a bacterial vaccine? | a weakened form of the bacteria that is injected into an organism so that organism's immune system can learn to fight it |
what is bioremediation? | using bacteria to clean up pollution (like oil spills) |
what is a flagella? | a whip-like tail that moves bacteria around |
what is binary fission? | the asexual way bacteria reprodue |
what is an aerobe? | bacteria that must have oxygen to live |
what is an anaerobe? | bacteria that can live in environments without oxygen |
where to archaebacteria live? | in extreme environments |
where does the archaebacteria halophile live? | really salty places like the Great Salt Lake |
where does the archaebacteria thermophile live? | really hot places like hot springs |
where does the archaebacteria methanogen live? | in swamps |
what is a methanogen? | a type of archaebacteria that generates methane gas (a gas that can be used as a fuel source) |
what does prokaryote mean? | a cell without a nucleus |
do bacteria still have DNA? | yes just not in a nucleus |
what 5 structure do all bacteria have? | cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes |
what are the small hair like structures that bacteria use to move around? | cilia |
what do bacteria use slime layers or capsules for? | extra protection or to stick to surfaces |
what shape is bacillus bacteria? | rod |
what shape is coccus bacteria? | circular/round |
what shape is spirilla bacteria? | spiral |