Term | Definition |
G1 | Growth, making of new proteins and organelles are synthesized. |
S | Chromosomes replicated and DNA made. |
G2 | Organelles and molecules for cell division made. |
Diploid | Cell that contains 2 sets of chromosomes.(2N) |
Haploid | Cell that contains one set of chromosomes (N) |
Homologous pair | A pair of chromosomes where one comes from each parent. |
Tetrad | Structure containing 4 chromatids. |
Crossing over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of chromatids. |
Meiosis | Process that creates gametes by separating two the sets of genes... each gamete has one set (haploid) |
Metaphase I | Tetrads line up at the equator, spindle fibers attach to centromeres of tetrad |
Telophase II/cytokinesis | Daughter cells divide forming 4 haploid cells. |
Prophase I | Synapsis occurs, crossing over occurs, centrioles move to opposite poles. |
Anaphase II | Sister chromatids separate |
Anaphase I | Homologous pairs separate. |
Telophase I/ cytokinesis | Two daughter cells are created |
Metaphase II | Chromosomes line up along the equator, not in homologous pairs. |
Gene | An area on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. |
Chromosome | Is made of DNA, it is condensed genetic material. |
Interphase | Cell grows and replicates its DNA and Centrioles. Genetic material in form of chromatin. |
Prophase | Chromosomes are visible, each chromosome consists of two chromatids. |
Metaphase | Chromosome line up at the center of the cell. |
Anaphase | Sister chromatids separates into individual chromosomes |
Telophase | Nuclear envelope reforms and two daughter cells form. |
Centromere | Each pair of chromatids is attached in this area. |
Cytokinesis | Division of the cytoplasm |
Interphase | The "in-between" period of cell growth |
Cell Cycle | Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide |
Cancer | Disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth. |
Polar Bodies | Cells produced in females that do not participate in reproduction. |