Question | Answer |
Theories that describe the ways in which societies place people on a particular life path are
called:
A. self theories.
B. stratification theories.
C. continuity theories.
D. activity theories. | B. stratification theories. |
Self theories emphasize:
A. social forces.
B. levels of discrimination.
C. perceptions of self.
D. circumscribed opportunities. | C. perceptions of self. |
Erikson called the final crisis of development:
A. optimization versus compensation.
B. generativity versus stagnation.
C. integrity versus despair.
D. activity versus disengagement. | C. integrity versus despair. |
According to Erikson, integrity versus despair is the focus of:
A. adolescence.
B. early adulthood.
C. middle adulthood.
D. late adulthood | D. late adulthood |
Yvette looks back at life with pride even though some of her personal history
include errors on her part. shes in the stage Erikson called:
A.generativity vs stagnation
B.optimization vs compensation
C.activity vs disengagement
D.integrity vs despair | D. integrity versus despair |
According to Erikson, each new experience throughout life requires:
A. both assimilation and accommodation.
B. a reassessment of identity.
C. selective optimization.
D. stratification. | B. a reassessment of identity. |
Meg was asked to select a cherished object She chose a brassy picture frame with an old photo of her and her mother Her selection demonstrates an attempt to:
A.portray it as valued antique
B.be young again
C.hold onto her identity
D.be like her mother | C. hold on to her identity. |
a musician limits his repertoire practices more and changes posture when he plays. He is: A.giving into despair of the last life cycle stage B.using selective optimization w/ compensation C.becoming less ambitious/ creative D.showing signs of alzheimers | B. using selective optimization with
compensation. |
In older adults, a positive world view:
A. correlates with less well being.
B. correlates with believing that life is
meaningful.
C. is associated with increased family conflict.
D. is associated with increased
responsiveness to regretful events. | B. correlates with believing that life is
meaningful. |
A study indicated that the brains, bodies, and behaviors of adultscdiagnosed with _____ were more like those of younger adults; they did not age the appropriate way.
A.the positivity effect
B.compulsive hoarding
C.late-life depression
D.disengagement | C. late-life depression |
_____ theories claim that social forces limit individual choice and direct life, especially in late
adulthood.
A. Dynamic
B. Self
C. Stratification
D. Stage | C. Stratification |
Age, gender, ethnicity, and income are the four major categories of _____; as such, they can
limit choice at every stage of life.
A. cognitive development
B. socioeconomic status
C. self theories
D. stratification | D. stratification |
The idea that opportunities and roles are determined based on age is referred to as:
A. stratification by age.
B. selective optimization.
C. self-actualization.
D. social stagnation. | A. stratification by age. |
The most controversial version of social stratification theory is _____, in part because it can
be used to justify ageism and social isolation.
A. compensation
B. disengagement
C. optimization
D. activity | B. disengagement |
A man who is 65 years old develops a passive style of interaction and withdraws from his connections with younger people. Which theory says this behavior is natural?
A.continuity
B.self-actualization
C.selective optimization
D.disengagement | D. disengagement |
The antithesis of disengagement theory is _____ theory.
A. epigenetic
B. identity
C. activity
D. feminist | C. activity |
The view that elderly people need to remain active in a variety of social spheres is called:
A. stratification theories.
B. positivity effect.
C. activity theory.
D. disengagement theories. | C. activity theory. |
Which theory focuses on the gender divisions promoted by society?
A. feminist
B. continuity
C. disengagement
D. sexist | A. feminist |
Gender-stratification theory recognizes that men and women are pushed into certain roles
because of their sex, roles that may ultimately:
A. limit women but not men.
B. harm them in late adulthood.
C. keep society intact.
D. make them better spouses | B. harm them in late adulthood. |
The increased allostatic load that African Americans experience as a result of years of stress
related to discrimination is referred to as:
A. self theory.
B. weathering.
C. disengagement.
D. integrity. | B. weathering. |
In the U.S., elderly Hispanics seem to have a _____ advantage over elderly non-Hispanics.
A. longevity
B. income
C. health care
D. education | A. longevity |
Older immigrants tend to be:
A.happy/financially stable due to retirement
B.well integrated to extended family life as is US norm
C.isolated but provided for by social welfare
D.lonely/ poor without a US work
history or the benefit of family
support | D. lonely and poor, without a U.S. work
history or the benefit of extended family life to support them. |
The crucial stratification variable in the well being of the elderly is _____, which causes a lifetime of stresses including less education, health care, and many accumulating
disadvantages
A. the age of retirement
B. low income
C. age
D. family size | B. low income |
Denmark which has the most happy seniors mitigates stratification by income by:
A.requiring that younger family
members financially support elder
B.limiting family size
C.providing free health care/ subsidized
senior housing
D.allowing no retirement | C. providing free health care and subsidized
senior housing |
All of the following workers are quite likely to remain in the paid labor force after age 60
EXCEPT:
A. an English professor.
B. a unionized mechanic at a local factory.
C. an independently employed cleaning lady.
D. a judge in a state court. | B. a unionized mechanic at a local factory. |
_____ provides social status, financial security, and independence for older adults.
A. Paid employment
B. Volunteer opportunities
C. Retirement
D. Medicare | A. Paid employment |
After mandatory retirement was outlawed on a federal level in the 1980s, the average
retirement age:
A. increased dramatically.
B. decreased.
C. stayed the same.
D. was no longer measured. | B. decreased. |
Which of the following occupations still has a legal mandatory retirement age?
A. doctor
B. lawyer
C. jet pilot
D. teacher | C. jet pilot |
What proportion of adults over the age of 65 volunteer in formal settings?
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 3/4
D. 1/3 | B. 1/4 |
Which is NOT a reason elders dont volunteer?A.volunteering is an intense experience not designed for themB.they are afraid to leave familiarityC.Organizations lack recruitment/training efforts aimed at themD.They do not want to give time/ money to others | D. The elderly usually do not want to give
time or money to assist others. |
Typically, who does more housework after retirement than before?
A. men
B. women
C. hired caregivers
D. both men and women | D. both men and women |
Generally, where do the elderly prefer to live?
A. in a planned retirement community
B. with their children or other relatives
C. in their own homes
D. in nursing homes | C. in their own homes |
When older Americans move, they are most likely to move:
A. not far from their old residence.
B. to a warm climate.
C. to the town where they were born.
D. to the countryside, where it is quiet and
where there is less crime. | A. not far from their old residence. |
When many adults who moved into a neighborhood decades earlier never leave the area, the
result is:
A. assisted living.
B. an empty nest.
C. a universal design.
D. a naturally occurring retirement
community. | D. a naturally occurring retirement
community. |
Which state has the highest proportion of people over the age of 65?
A. Florida
B. California
C. Arizona
D. Maine | A. Florida |
The fact ME PA WV follow FL as the states with highest proportion over 65 illustrates that: A.most elderly want to retire to warmer places B.only a few states have adequate # retirement communities C.most prefer to age where they always lived | C. most people prefer to age where they have
always lived. |
Religious involvement correlates with _____ because it promotes social relationships and
healthy habits.
A. higher levels of stress
B. better health
C. more wealth
D. earlier death | B. better health |
Which about older people and religion is TRUE?
A.Religion provide valuable social network
B.Belief in afterlife may explain high #s suicide among African American women
C.Faith decreases
D.Religious identity is never as significant as ethnic identity | A.Religious institutions provide valuable
social network to the aging |
Psychological health in old age is based on:
A.belief that ones faith or ethnicity is superior to others
B.feeling continuity in
experience and traditions among generations
C.focus on pleasure and immediate needs
D.attendance of religious services | B.a feeling that there is continuity in
experience and traditions among generations. |
What percentage of older adults volunteer in political campaigns?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5 | B. 2 |
In what way are older Americans the LEAST politically active?
A. voting
B. writing letters to elected officials
C. staying informed on current events
D. volunteering on political campaigns | D. volunteering on political campaigns |
The requirement for membership in AARP is that the person is:
A. retired.
B. over 50.
C. over 65.
D. collecting Social Security. | B. over 50. |
in regard to elections and policy debates, the elderly tend to:
A.vote in support of economic
interests
B.uniformly support the candidate or
measure endorsed by AARP
C.identify with a political party.
D.look to their adult children for guidance | C. to identify with a political party |
The term “social convoy” refers to the truism that:
A. he who travels fastest travels alone.
B. it is not healthy to spend time alone.
C. we travel through life in the company of
others.
D. we need a strong leader in times of
conflict. | C. we travel through life in the company of
others. |
Compared to single older adults, elderly partners tend to be:
A. happier and wealthier.
B. happier but poorer.
C. poorer and less happy.
D. wealthier but less happy. | A. happier and wealthier. |
Who is likely to be the healthiest and happiest at 70 one who?
A.never married and lives alone
B.lives with her husband of 40
years
C.has been a widow for 14 years
and did not remarry
D.has been divorced for 23
years and lives with her daughter | B. lives with her husband of 40
years |
Most studies of marriages of long duration find that compared to younger adults, the elderly are:
A.more open to possibly divorcing
B.happier in their marriage
C.no longer interested in sexual interaction
D.likely to dwell on areas of
disagreement | B. happier in their marriages. |
About one in every ____ long-term marriages is not satisfying to at least one person in the
couple.
A. 10
B. 6
C. 2
D. 4 | B. 6 |
One crucial factor in the success of long-term marriages is:
A. a sense of agreement on everything.
B. a strong sense of shared experiences.
C. a more active sex life.
D. the trend toward living apart together. | B. a strong sense of shared experiences. |
Ed and Janet have been married 60 yrs. When asked to share their secret to a long
marriage, Ed replied:
A.We spend ample time apart
B.We have learned how to disagree
C.She depends on me for $
D.We each have our own friends instead of combined circle | B. “We have learned how to disagree.” |
A family of many generations but with only a few members of each generation is called a
_____ family.
A. beanpole
B. nuclear
C. stratified
D. collective | A. beanpole |
Brad has added a room to his house in anticipation of his elderly parents moving in with him.
As their oldest son, he feels obligated to provide care for them out of a sense of:
A. filial responsibility.
B.family ethics.
C.guilt
D.surrogate parenting | A. filial responsibility. |
When it comes to intergenerational relationships, conflict is more likely in ______
relationships than in distant ones.
A. married
B. long-lasting
C. newly formed
D. emotionally close | D. emotionally close |