Term | Definition |
Sympathetic Division | Responsible for Fight or Flight reactions |
Sympathetic Division- heart | 2 Increased heart rate (Beta 1 receptors)
Increased force of contraction (beta 1 receptors) |
Sympathetic Division- blood vessels | Constricts abdominal blood vessels (Alpha 1)
Constricts peripheral blood fessels (Alpha 1)
Dilates muscular blood vessels (beta 2)
Constricts muscular blood vessels (Alpha 1) |
Sympathetic Division- Lungs | Dilates bronchi (beta 2)
Skeletal Muscles- breakdown of glycogen to glucose (beta 2)
Metabolism (increase of up to 100%) Alpha 1 |
Sympathetic Division- Glands | Adrenal Glands- release epinephrine and norepinephrine (cholinergic receptors)
Salivary glands (constricts vessels, thick viscous secretions) (alpha 1$2)
gastric, Pancreas- inhibits (alpha 1&2) |
Sympathetic Division- Sweat glands | merocrine glands- copious watery secretrion
apocrine glands- thick organic secretions (both by cholinergic receptors) |
Sympathetic Division- Gallbladder and bile | relaxation (beta 2) |
Sympathetic Division- Urinary bladder | wall- relaxation (beta 2)
sphincter- contraction (Alpha 1) |
Sympathetic Division- eyes | Ciliary muscle- relax for far vision (beta)
Pupil- Dilation-radial fibers (alpha 1) |
Sympathetic Division - Arrector pilli | (makes your hair stand up) (Alpha 1) |
Sympathetic Division- Blood | Blood- Increase coagulation (Alpha 2) |
Sympathetic Division- sex organs | Ejaculation (Alpha 1) |
Parasympathetic- Heart | Slowed HR (alpha 2)
Coronary artery dilation (Alpha 2) |
Parasympathetic- blood vessels | blood vessels- no effect |
Parasympathetic- Lungs | Bronchoconstricion (cholinergic receptors, small effect of Alpha 1) |
Parasympathetic- glands | Adrenal- no effect
Salivary- dilation of vessels and thin copious secretions- Cholinergic receptors
Gastric, pancreas- stimulation (cholinergic receptors
Lacrimal glands- secretion (cholinergic receptors) |
Parasympathetic- Sweat | no effect |
Parasympathetic- Gut | Increased motility
Decreased tone (cholinergic receptors) |
Parasympathetic- Gallbladder and bile | Contraction (cholinergic receptors) |
Parasympathetic- Urinary bladder | wall- contraction
sphincter- relaxation (cholinergic receptors) |
Parasympathetic- Eye | Ciliary muscle- Contraction for near vision
Pupil- Constriction (cholinergic receptors) |
Parasympathetic- arrector pili | no effect |
Parasympathetic- blood | no effect |
Parasympathetic- sex organs | Erection |
Parasympathetic Division | Rest and Digest |
Agonists | Drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response |
Antagonist | Drugs that attach to a receptor to prevent a response |
Partial Agonist | Drugs that interact with a receptor to stimulate a response but inhibit other responses |
Salbutamol- Bronchodilator | stimulates Beta 2 to relax bronchi and vascular smooth muscle |
Glucagon- hyperglycemic agent | beta 2 agonist- stimulates glycogenolysis (liver stores of glycogen turn to glucose for use in the blood stream)
relaxes musculature of GI tract
positive inotropic and chronotropic effects |
Epinephrine- sympathomimetic, adrenergic | directly stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Bronchodilation- beta 2
+chronotropic&inotropic - beta1
Vasodilation- beta 2
Vasoconstriction- Alpha 1 |
Chronotropic | +/- rate of contraction (heart) |
Inotropic | +/- force of contraction (heart) |