Question | Answer |
The three types of muscle tissue are: | Smooth, Skeletal, & Cardiac |
That point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the: | Origin |
Each skeletal muscle is filled with two kinds of myofilaments called | Myosin & Actin |
The contractile unit of a muscle cell is the | sarcomere |
The term __________ is used to describe a muscle that directly performs a particular movement. | Prime Mover |
An explanation of how a skeletal muscle contracts is the | sliding filament theory. |
If a muscle is stimulated repeatedly without adequate rest, the strength of the contraction decreases, resulting in | Fatigue |
The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called the | threshold stimulus. |
A contraction in which muscle length remains the same but muscle tension increases is called a(n) | isometric contraction. |
Exercise may cause an increase in muscle size called | hypertrophy. |
Hypertrophy can be enhanced by | Strength Training |
The orbicularis oris muscle can be found in the | Face |
The external and internal oblique muscles can be found in the | Trunk |
The muscle that flexes the elbow is the | biceps brachii. |
Because this muscle is responsible for delivering blows during fights, it is often called the boxer’s muscle. | triceps brachii |
The movement that makes the angle between two bones at their joint smaller than it was at the beginning of the movement is called | Flexion |
Movement around a longitudinal axis is | Rotation |
The nervous system is divided into which two principal divisions? | peripheral and central |
The part of a neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body is the | Axon |
Cells that conduct the impulses are called | Neurons |
The white, fatty substance that surrounds an axon is called | Mylin |
A signal conduction route to and from the central nervous system is a(n) | Reflex Arc |
Bundles of myelinated fibers make up the | white matter of the nervous system |
These chemicals allow neurons to communicate with each other. | Neurotransmitters |
The action potential seems to “jump” from node to node along a myelinated fiber. This type of impulse regeneration is called | saltatory conduction |
The inner protective covering of the brain is the | meninges. |
The three divisions of the brain that make up the brainstem are | medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons. |
The second-largest part of the brain, located just below the posterior portion of the cerebrum, is the | cerebellum. |
Nerves that originate from the brain are called | cranial nerves |
How many pairs of spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord? | 31 |
Spinal cord tracts provide conduction paths to and from the brain. The tracts that conduct sensory impulses down the cord from the brain are called | Desending Tracts |
The large fluid-filled spaces within the brain are called the | Ventricles |
Formation of the cerebrospinal fluid occurs in the | choroid plexus. |
The limbic system integrates | Emotions |
Skin surface area supplied by a single spinal nerve is called a | dermatome |
A subdivision of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions is the | autonomic nervous system. |
The autonomic nervous system can be divided into the | parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. |
The effect of sympathetic stimulation on the blood vessels in skeletal muscles is | dilation. |
This cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell. | Olfactory |
Axon terminals of autonomic neurons release either of two neurotransmitters. | norepinephrine and acetylcholine |
Acetylcholine binds to | cholinergic receptors. |
The sense organs are classified as | General & Special |
The innermost coat of the eyeball is the | Retina |
Specialized receptors found near the point of junction between tendons and muscles are called | proprioceptors. |
The Pacinian corpuscle senses | pressure. |
Cones are densely concentrated in the | fovea centralis. |
The substance that fills the chamber of the anterior cavity of the eye is | the aqueous humor. |
As people grow older, they tend to become farsighted. This condition is called | hyperopia. |
This type of receptor is found only in the eye. | photoreceptor |
The ear is divided into three anatomical parts. | external ear, middle ear, inner ear |
The tiny bones found in the middle ear are the | ossicles |
The sense organs involved in the sense of balance are found in the vestibule and the | semicircular canals |
The sense organs of taste are the | Taste Buds |
Gustatory cells are found in the | Mouth |