Question | Answer |
Cell | Smallest functional unit of all organisms |
Organism | Anything with one or more cells that can carry out life processes independently |
Unicellular | Organism with one cell. Divide to reproduce. |
Multicellular | Organism with 2 or more cells.Divide to replace and grow. |
Cell Membrane | A protective layer that covers the cell's surface and acts as a barrier. |
prokaryote | no nucleus, DNA is in the cytoplasm, sometimes has a flagella, usually smaller, and organelles not bound by membrane. |
eukaryote | Has a nucleus, has DNA in nucleus, has ribosomes, make up multicellular organisms. |
Surface area to Volume ratio | Surface area must be much greater than the volume. |
Cytoplasm | jelly-like substance that is enclosed by the cell membrane and contains all of the organelles. |
Organelles | The parts of a cell that have a specialized function. |
1st Tenant of Cell Theory | All organisms are made of one or more cells. (Theodore Schwann) |
2nd Tenant of Cell Theory | The cell is the basic unit of all organisms. (Theodore Schwann) |
3rd Tenant of Cell Theory | All cells come from existing cells. (Rudolph Virchow) |
Microscope | Tool used to observe cells. |
Ribosomes | Put together amino acids to create new proteins |
Mitochondria | Converts chemical energy into ATP |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | produces, transports, and processes proteins. |
Golgi Complex | Packages and distributes proteins and lipids. |
Cell Wall | Rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in a plant cell. |
Chloroplasts | Organelles that contain chlorophyll and allow the plant to turn sunlight, water, and CO2 into sucrose/ food for the plant. |
Vacuole | Fluid filled vesicle that contains, enzymes, nutrients, water, or wastes |
Lysomes | Contain enzymes that break down "trash" in the cell. |
histologist | a person who studies cells |