Question | Answer |
Cell Theory | States that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells. |
Plasma Membrance | Forms a flexible boundary between the living cell and its surroundings. |
Chromosomes | The main DNA gene carrying structure of a prokaryotic cell. |
Ribosomes | Tine structures that make proteins according to instructions from the genes. |
Cytoplasm | The region between the nucleus and the membrane where all the organelles are. |
Nucleoid | Nucleus like but does not contain a membrane around the DNA. |
Flagella | Short hair like structures that help a cell propel through its liquid environment. |
Organelles | Little organs which perform specific function in the cell. |
Cellular Metabolism | Chemical activities of cells that occur within organelles. |
Nucleus | Contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell's activities. |
Chromatin | When a cell does not divide the proteins and DNA appear as a diffuse mass. |
Nucleolus | A prominent structure in the nucleus. |
Endomembrane System | A network of membranes inside and around a eukaryotic cell, related either through direct physical contact or by the transfer of membranous vesicles. |
Vesicles | Tiny sacs made of membrane |
Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) | An extensive membranous network in a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed or ribosome studded or ribsome free regions. |
Golgi Apparatus | Modification and sorting of macromolecules; formation of lysomes and transport vesicles. |
Lysosome | Digestion of ingested food, bacteria, and a cell's damaged organelles and macromelecules for recycling. |
Vacuoles | Digestion; storage of chemicals and cell enlargement; water balance. |
Central Vacuole | Helps a cell grow in size by absorbing water and enlarging it. |
Peroxisomes | An organelle containing enzymes taht tranfer hydrogen atoms from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide. |
Mitochondria | Conversion of chemical energy in food to chemical energy of ATP. |
Cristae | An infolding of the inner mitochondrial membrane. |
Chloroplasts | Conversion of light energy to chemical energy of sugars. |
Stroma | The dense fluid within the chloroplasts that surrounds the thylakoid membrane and is involved int eh systhesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water. |
Thylakoids | A flattened membranous sac inside a chloroplasts. |
Granum | A stack of membrane bounded thylakoids in a chloroplast. |
Cytoskeleton | A network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell; includes microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. |
Microfilaments | The thinnest of the three main kinds of protein fibers making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell. |
Microtubules | The thickest of the three main kinds of fibers making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell. |
Centrioles | A structure in an animal cell composed of cylinders of microtubules triplets arranged in a pattern. |
Cilia | A short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion. |
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) | Support; regulation of cellular activities. |
Integrins | A transmembrane protein that interconnects the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. |
Plasmodesmata | An open channel in a plant cell wall through which strands of cytoplasm connect from a adjacent cells. |
Cell Walls | Support and protect; binding of cells in tissues. |