Term | Definition |
monotrichous | one polar flagella |
amphitrichous | single flagella at each pole |
lophotrichous | tuft of flagella at one pole |
peritrichous | flagella surrounding the organism |
cell wall of gram positive bacteria | one membrane, thick peptidoglycan |
cell wall of gram negative bacteria | two membranes, thin peptidoglycan |
structure of plasma membrane | phospholipid bilayer, peripheral protein, integral protein, transmembrane protein |
simple diffusion | down concentration gradient |
facilitated diffusion | uses proteins to enter cell |
osmosis | diffusion of water to a higher concentration |
osmotic pressure | amount of pressure needed to stop movement across the membrane |
endospores | resting cells that are resistant to desiccation, heat, and chemicals |
sporulation | formation of endospores |
germination | return to vegetative state |
Glycocalyx | capsule/slime layer of polysaccharide outside the cell wall, |
prokaryote cell wall | prevent osmotic lysis, peptidoglycan |
eukaryotic cell wall | made of carbs, chitin, cellulose |
endosymbiotic theory | mitochondria/chloroplasts were once bacteria that were engulfed by a eukaryotic cell, own membrane, ribosomes, own circular DNA, can reproduce independent of the rest of the cell, |