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MOLB Chapter 4

Characteristics of Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes

TermDefinition
monotrichous one polar flagella
amphitrichous single flagella at each pole
lophotrichous tuft of flagella at one pole
peritrichous flagella surrounding the organism
cell wall of gram positive bacteria one membrane, thick peptidoglycan
cell wall of gram negative bacteria two membranes, thin peptidoglycan
structure of plasma membrane phospholipid bilayer, peripheral protein, integral protein, transmembrane protein
simple diffusion down concentration gradient
facilitated diffusion uses proteins to enter cell
osmosis diffusion of water to a higher concentration
osmotic pressure amount of pressure needed to stop movement across the membrane
endospores resting cells that are resistant to desiccation, heat, and chemicals
sporulation formation of endospores
germination return to vegetative state
Glycocalyx capsule/slime layer of polysaccharide outside the cell wall,
prokaryote cell wall prevent osmotic lysis, peptidoglycan
eukaryotic cell wall made of carbs, chitin, cellulose
endosymbiotic theory mitochondria/chloroplasts were once bacteria that were engulfed by a eukaryotic cell, own membrane, ribosomes, own circular DNA, can reproduce independent of the rest of the cell,
Created by: 100000860991270
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