Question | Answer |
The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
Each skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | Epimysium |
Threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | Myofibrils |
Myofibrils consists of 2 major kinds of protein fibers | Actin myofilaments & Myosin myofilaments |
The ability to be stretched | Extensibility |
Capaticity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
Ability to recoil to their original resting lengh after they have been stretched | Elasticity |
A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | Muscle Twitch |
where the musce remains contracted without relazing | Tetany |
Zygomaticus | Smiling muscle |
Temporalis | Closes Jaw |
Frontalis | Raises eyebrows |
Orbicularis Oculi | Blinks and closes eyes |
Orbicularis oris | Puckers lips |
Masseter | Closes jaws |
Buccinator | Flattens the cheeks |
Depressor Anguli Oris | Frowning |
Trunk muscles | pectoralis major, Rectus abdominis, external oblique |
Arm/Shoulder muscles | Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Deltoid |
Where are the cardiac muscles found | The heart |
Muscle Functions | Producing movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints, generating heat |
What contracts quickly and fatiques quickly | Fast-twitch fibers |
What contracts slow | Slow-twitch fibers |
What is a muscle fiber | A single cylindrical cell containing several nuclei. |
What are fasicculi (fasicles) | A bundle of nerve or muscle fibers bound together by connective tissue |
Isometric contraction | Equal distance |
Isotonic | Equal tension |
What is muscle tone | Refers to constant tension produced by muscle of the body for long periods of time. keeps head up and back straight. |
Origin | Attachments of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction |
Insertion | The movable attachment of a muscle as opposed to its origin |
Syngerist | Muscles that work together |
Fascia | Connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
Prime mover | Muscle whose contractions are primarily responsible for a particular movement |
What is mastication | "chewing" the process by which food is ground by teeth. |
Muscles involved in mastication | Masseter, and temporalis |
Intrinsic tongue muscles | Superior longitudinal muscle, inferior longitudinal muscle, verticalis muscle, transversus muscle |
Extrinsic tongue muscles | Genioglossus muscle, hyoglossus muscle, stylogossus muscle, palatoglossus muscle |
What is a sacromere | Actin and myosin myofilamants from highly ordered units |
Where is the flexor carpii located | Forearm |
Where is the deltoid located | Shoulder |
Where is the sartorius located | Thigh |
Where is the frontalis located | Forehead |
What does the deltoid do | Abducts the arm |
What does the sternocleidomastoid do | Flexes neck |
Where is the sternocleidomastoid located | Sternum and clavicle |
What is insertion | The end of the muscle attached to the bone undergoing the greatest movement |
What does the occipito frontalis do | Raises eyebrows |
2 types of tongue muscles | Instrinsic and extrinsic |
Sneering is done by what muscle | Levator labii superioris |
Needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
Where is ATP produced | Mitochondria |
Anaerobic respiration | Without oxygen |
Aerobic respiration | With oxygen |
2 types of muscle contractions | isotonic and isometric |
Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists |
Threadlike structure that extends from one end of te fiber to the other | Myofibrils |
Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor neurons |
a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | Motor unit |
Enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic terminal |
Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | Synaptic cleft |
Each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles |
Synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called | Acetylcholine |
Sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism |
A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called | Threshold |
The between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag phase |
Time of contraction | Contraction phase |
Time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation phase |
The increase in number of motor units being activaed is called | Recruitment |
Origin | Head |
Some muscles have multiple | Origins or Heads |
White meat of a chicken breast | Fast-twitch fibers |
Dark meat of a chicken | Slow-twitch fibers |
Portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion is the | Belly |
When ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle fatigue |
The breif reversal back of the charge is called | Action potential |