Question | Answer |
Biosphere | All parts of Earth inhabited by living things |
Examples of Organisms | Squirrels, oak trees |
Basic unit of structure and function in life. | Cell |
A distinct type of organism | Species |
Eukarya | Organisms in this domain have cells with a nucleus. |
The process of keeping internal conditions stable. | Homeostasis |
A local group of organisms that belong to the same species. | Population |
Cells in a multicellular organism. | Specialized to perform particular functions. |
Levels of organization from simple to complex. | Cell, tissue, organ system |
All parts of the Earth inhabited by living organisms. | Biosphere |
Largest organizational level. | Biosphere |
Broadest category of life. | Domain |
Perform different functions. | Cell specialization allows cells to... |
Light and temperature are examples of... | Factors to which living things respond. |
A group of cells, performing a similar function. | Tissue |
Organ system | Organs that work together in a major body function. |
You make a suggestion to predict an outcome. | Hypothesis |
Controlled experiment | Scientist isolate and test a single variable. |
Observations and questions. | The work of a scientist usually begins with... |
Hypothesis supported by much experimental data may become a... | Theory |
Useful hypothesis | can be tested |
"All living things are made of cells," is an example of... | A theory |
Biology | study of life. |
An experiment that tests the effect of a single variable. | Controlled experiment |
Well-tested explanation of many observations. | Theory |
Hypothesis | Maybe disproved by a single experiment. |
Can be modified or discarded. | A theory |
A model ____________ new observations. | explains; predicts; matches |
An example of a model. | A map |
Using genetic engineering is an example. | Technology |
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen | Most common elements in living organisms. |
Chemical combination of two or more elements | Compound |
Nucleus of an atom | Protons and neutrons |
Form of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. | Isotope |
Atoms in a chemical reaction are | rearranged. |
In the reaction, CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3, Which are the reactants. | CO2 + H2O |
A molecule of water | two atoms of hydrogen, one atom of oxygen |
Ice floats | ice is less dense than liquid water |
Three particles that make up an atom | proton, neutron, eletron |
Electrons | in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom |
Atomic number | Equals the number of protons |
The bond formed by sharing electrons | Covalent bond |
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. | Water is the product |
Water is polar | oxygen side is slightly negative, hydrogen side slightly positive. |
A substance with pH = 6 | an acid |
A solution | a uniform mixture of two or more substances |
Salt is dissolved in water, water is | the solvent |
Carbon produces a variety of carbon skeletons because | carbon can bond with one or more other carbon atoms |
Polymers are made of monomers. True or false | True |
Sugars | main fuel supply for cellular work |
Monosaccharide | carbohydrate |
Steroid has a carbon skeleton that has | four fused rings |
Amino acid is to protein as | simple sugar is to starch |
The number of bonds that carbon can make | four (4) |
A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction | Catalyst |
the energy needed to start a reaction | activation energy |
The reaction that adds a monomer to a chain | dehydration reaction |
Disaccharide | a sugar made of two sugar units |
Polysaccharide examples | starch, glycogen, cellulose |
Cholesterol | Steroid |
Amino acids differ in the | side groups |
Light microscopes magnify objects up to | 1000 times |
Cell type with a nucleus | eukaryotes |
Plasma membrane channels are made of | proteins |
Animal cell in fresh water will burst because osmosis | causes water to move into the cell |
Molecules will move across the membrane in both directions when | concentration of molecules is the same |
Organelle that breaks down macromolecules | lysosome |
The path of a protein in a cell | rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from cell |
The organelle that releases energy from sugars | Mitochondria |
These structures carry out cell movement | microfilaments |
"Very few cells reproduce."
Part of the cell theory, yes or no? | NO |
Thin, flexible barrier around the cell | Plasma membrane |
Organelle in plant cells, not in animal cells | chloroplast |
This cell structure that contains genetic material. | Nucleus |
Function of the cell wall | protection and maintaining cell shape |
Prokaryotic cells | lack a nucleus |
Regulating which materials enter and leave cell | Function of plasma membrane |
Diffusion | the net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
Passive transport of water across a membrane | Osmosis |
Particle transport that require in put of energy | Active transport |
Biosphere | all the organisms, land, water, and air on Earth |
Members of the same species living in a particular area | population |
The biome with the least amount of precipitation | desert |
A biome is identified by | the community of organisms, particularly plants |
The biome with very low temperatures, high winds, and permafrost | tundra |
Soil type, temperature, water | abiotic factors |
Sun's energy strikes the Earth's surface at different angles | at different latitudes |
An example of a microclimate | A forested park within a desert city |
The main reason Earth has three major climate zones | differences in latitude result in differences in the angle of heating by the sun |
Biome with cold winters, warm summers and deciduous trees has what kinds of animals? | deer, squirrels, rabbits |
Which level is largest:
community, organisms, ecosystem, population | Ecosystem |
150 cacti in per square kilometer | population density |
Density-dependent limiting factor | disease |
Niche | an organism's habitat, food sources and factors specific to its life |
When one organism captures and feeds on another, it is called | predation |
The relationship between a flower and the insect that pollinates it | mutualism |
Changes in a community over time | ecological succession |
Population growth will do what when resources become scarce? | It reaches carrying capacity |
A condition in the environment that restricts a population's growth | limiting factor |
This type of population will be least affected by a density-dependent factor. | small, scattered population |
Fire is an example of which type of limiting factor? | density-independent |
In the year 2000, the global human population was? | about 6 billion |
Primary succession starts on bare soil, secondary succession starts on soil.
True or False? | True |
Energy transfer of energy and matter within food web. | trophic level |
Biomass pyramid | shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level |
Transpiration | process of plants moving water through their tissues and evaporating it off their leaves. |
The movement of water from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back again | water cycle |
The increase in Earth's average temperature from excess carbon dioxide | global warming |
A snake eats a frog, that ate an insect that fed on a plant. The snake is what level of consumer? | tertiary consumer |
matter can be recycled through the biosphere because | chemicals can be used again and again |
Algae holds what position in a food chain | producer |
The value of biodiversity is in | as natural resources, foods and goods, medicines for people |
Organisms that break down wastes | decomposers |
A bird stalks, kills and eats an insect.
The bird is | a carnivore and consumer |
Ozone is depleted by the action of | chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
Measurements of a plant's growth | data |
A logical conclusion based on observations | Inference |
Habitat destruction threatens | biological diversity |