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Biology Exam 1-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 critical thinking skills? | 1. Restate in your own words 2. elaborate the main idea 3. give examples 4. relate to other concepts of life |
| Darwin | theory of natural selection |
| Which elements are abundant in humans? | oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen |
| What is a trace element found in humans? | iodine |
| Atomic Mass | protons + neutrons |
| Atomic Number | number of protons |
| How many electrons are found in the first orbital? | 2 |
| How many electrons are found in the second and third orbitals? | 8 |
| What is the PH of water? | 7 |
| Carbon | the backbone of biological molecules (backbone of life) |
| Vitalism | organic compounds arise only within living organisms |
| When was the theory of Vitalism disproven? | after chemists synthesized organic compounds in the lab |
| Stanley Miller | miller's apparatus, amino acids were created. Abiotic evolution |
| Hydrocarbons | the skeletons of most organic molecules |
| Isomers | Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties |
| Structural Isomer | Different in covalent arrangement of atoms |
| Geometric Isomer | same arrangement but different in spatial arrangement |
| Enantiomers | mirror images; important in pharm industry |
| What are the 4 types of organic molecules? | 1. carbohydrates 2. lipids 3. proteins 4. nucleic acids |
| How do you put the parts together? | dehydration synthesis |
| How do you separate the parts? | hydrolysis |
| Carbohydrates | carbon + water |
| Polysacoharide | starch in plants, consists of many glucose, how plants store energy |
| Glycogen | carb found in animals |
| Cellulose | makes up plant cell walls; fiber |
| Chitin | a polysaccharide used in surgical stitches that is broken down over time |
| Lipids | insoluable in water; not polymers |
| What are the 3 types of lipids? | 1. triglyceride (natural fat) 2. phospholipids ( when one of the fatty acids is replaced by a phosphate) 3. Steroids (hard to break down, add onto cholestrol) |
| Saturated Fatty Acids | every carbon is fulled with 2 hydrogens |
| Unsaturated Fatty Acids | Some don't have 2 hydrogens, double bond between 2 carbons |
| What are the 4 levels of structure in a protein? | Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary |
| Chaperonins | Makes sure proteins take the proper shape |
| DNA | Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid |
| RNA | Ribose Nucleic Acid |
| Primidines | smaller structure; CTU |
| Purines | Bigger structure; AG |
| Replication | when DNA makes a copy of itself |
Created by:
Flidisha
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